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1、非谓语动词一、结构 不定式 ing形式 过去分词主动 一般式 to + v原形 v-ing 实行式 to be + v-ing 完成式 to have + p.p. having p.p. 被动 一般式 to be + p.p. being + p.p. p.p. 完成式 to have been + p.p. having been + p.p. p.p.二、逻辑主语：非谓语动词意义上的行为执行者。1. 有“，”非谓语动词则做状语，逻辑主语为主句的主语。2. 无“，”非谓语动词有可能做宾补、定语，逻辑主语为非谓语动词前的名词或代词。1. The teacher asked me _ (ans
2、wer) his question.2. The housewife went downstairs, _ (leave) the lights burning in the living room.3. The story book _ (write) for the kindergardens children will be published next month.三、区别：V-ing表示动作与逻辑主语是主动关系；p.p.表示动作与逻辑主语是被动关系。用build的适当形式填空：1. The workers _ the bridge next year are from America
3、.2. The workers _ the bridge now are from America.3. The workers _ the bridge already are from America.4. The bridge _ next year are designed by a famous designer.5. The bridge _ now are designed by a famous designer.6. The bridge _ already are designed by a famous designer.用see的适当形式填空：1. When _ fro
4、m the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful.2. When _ from the top of the hill, we feel excited.1. 区别p.p. 和 be + p.p. 和have + p.p.p.p.做非谓语，表被动、完成；be +p.p.做谓语，表被动；have +p.p.做非谓语，表完成。1. He said that when he had his tooth _ (pull), it hurt a lot.2. It happened shortly after this that the lion _ (ca
5、tch) by some hunters.3. I know you _ (work) very hard in the past years.2. 区别to be+ p.p. 和to +v.原形 和 will be + p.p.to be+p.p.做非谓语，与逻辑主语是被动关系；to + v.原形做非谓语，与逻辑主语是主动关系；will be+p.p. 做谓语，表将来、被动。1. Tom hurried to the station, only _ (tell) that the train had left.2. Tom hurried to the station, only _ (fi
6、nd) the train had left.3. This project need _ (do) by tomorrow morning.4. This project _ (do) by tonight.3. 区别v-ing 和having + p.p. ： having + p.p.发生在谓语动词之前；1. He took off his coat, _ (think) that the gold in the bag must cost far more than his coat.2. _(live)inthiscityforthreeyears,sheknowsitverywel
7、l.4. 区别being + p.p. 和 p.p. ：being+p.p.位于介词后，做主语；p.p.不能做主语1. _ (accuse) of cheating in the exam made Susan weep.2. Withallthework_ (do), wewenttoplaybasketball.四、非谓语动词的解题步骤1. 分析句子结构 2. 分析逻辑主语 3. 分析语态 4. 分析时态五、附表1. 接不定式做宾语的动词ask, demand(要求), plan, intend, mean(计划), manage, do/try ones best, make an at
8、tempt, learn(学习), wish, hope, desire, expect, long, want, would like, should like, would prefer (希望、愿意), agree, promise(同意), decide, determine, choose, make a decision, make up ones mind(决定), offer(主动提出), apply(申请), help(帮助), fail(不能、没有), prepare(准备), pretend(假装), refuse(拒绝), happen(碰巧), afford(负担得起
9、)2. 接动名词的动词allow, permit(允许), consider(考虑), suggest, advice(建议), keep (on)(反复; 不停), finish(完成), imagine(想象), practise (练习), understand(明白), appreciate, enjoy(喜欢), miss(错过; 怀念), prevent(阻止), forbid(禁止), escape(避免), include(包括), forgive, pardon, excuse(原谅), dislike(厌恶), discuss(讨论), report (报道), admit
10、(承认), mind(介意), risk(冒险), cant stand(不能忍受), burst out(突然开始), feel like(想要), insist on(坚持), delay, put off(推迟), give up(放弃), be busy(忙于), be worth(值得)3. 不定式、动名词都可接，意思不同remember to do(记住去做)，remember doing(记得做过)；forget to do(忘记去做)，forget doing(忘记做过)；regret to do (遗憾地做)，regret doing(后悔做了)；try to do(设法做)
11、，try doing(试做)；go on to do(接着做另一事)，go on doing(继续做同一事)；mean to do(打算做)，mean doing(意味着)；stop to do(停下来去做)，stop doing(停止做)；cant help to do(不能帮助做)，cant help doing(情不自禁做)4. 带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程；用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。1) hearsbdosth./doing听见某人做某事听见某人正在做某事2) listensbdosth./doing听某人做某事听某人正在做某事3) lookatsbdosth./doing
12、看某人做某事看某人正在做某事4) seesbdosth./doing看见某人做某事看见某人正在做某事5) watchsbdosth./doing观察某人做某事观察某人正在做某事6) noticesbdosth./doing注意到某人做某事注意到某人正在做某事5. It is adj. for sb. to do sth.做这件事对你好； It is adj. of sb. to do sth.你做这件事真好； be+adj.+enoughtodosth.足够+形容词做某事； tootodo太怎么样而不能做某事； sb. be to blame for sth. 某人因某事受到责备； seemt
13、odo似乎做某事prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事；6. It is no use / good doing sth.做某事没用preferdoingtodoing比起做某事更喜欢做某事havefun/difficulty/trouble/problemdoingsth.做某事有趣、有困难、有困难、有困难口诀 1. 接不定式to do 作宾语决定设法学会不定式decide/determine,manage,learn许诺计划表示立志promise,plan,intend提出要求帮忙准备offer,ask/demand,help,prepare假装
14、同意实拒绝pretend,agree,refuse五望未能成现实Hope,wish,expect,desire,want,fail2.接动名词作宾语喜欢考虑不可免enjoy/appreciate, consider, avoid现在放弃太冒险give up, risk介意想象莫推延mind, imagine, delay/put off要求完成是期望require, finish, look forward to不行停止准逃亡stop, allow, escape情不自禁要原谅cant help, excuse, 建议继续勤练习suggest, go on, practice继续坚持定成功keep on, succeed in3.接动词原形作宾语五看look at, see, watch, notice, observe三使make, let, have两听listen to, hear一感觉feel
