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1、2022年考博英语-宁夏大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Some linguists believe that the（ ） age for children learning a foreign language is 5 to 8.问题1选项A.optimisticB.optionalC.optimalD.oppressed【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项optimistic“乐观的，乐观主义的”；B选项optional“可选择的，随意的”；C选项optimal“最佳的，最理想的”；D选项oppressed“受压制的，受压迫的”。句意：一些语言学家认为儿童学
2、习外语的（ ）年龄是5到8岁。本句表示“儿童学习外语的最佳年龄”，因此C选项符合题意。2. 单选题What is it that brings about such an intimate connection between language and thinking? Is there no thinking without the use of language, namely in concepts and concept-combinations for which words need not necessarily come to mind? Has not every one
3、of us struggled for words although the connection between “thing” was already clear?We might be inclined to attribute to the act of thinking complete independence from language if the individual formed or were able to form his concepts without the verbal guidance of his environment. Yet most likely
4、the mental shape of an individual growing up under such conditions, would be very poor. Thus we may conclude that the mental development of the individual and his way of forming concepts depend to a high degree upon language. This makes us realize to what extent the same language means the same ment
5、ality. In this sense thinking and language are linked together.What distinguishes the language of science from language as we ordinarily understand the word? How is it that scientific language is international? What science strives for is an utmost acuteness and clarity of concepts as regards their
6、mutual relation and their correspondence to sensory data. As an illustration, let us take the language of Education geometry and Algebra. They manipulate with a small number of independently introduced concepts, respectively symbols, such as the integral number, the straight line, the point, as well
7、 as with signs which designate the fundamental operations, that is the connections between those fundamental concepts. This is the basis for the construction between concepts and statements on the one hand and sensory data on the other hand is established through acts of counting and measuring whose
8、 performance is sufficiently well determined.The super-national character of scientific concepts and scientific language is due to the fact that they have been set up by the best brains of all countries and all times. In solitude and yet in cooperative effort as regards the final effect they created
9、 the spiritual tools for the technical revolutions which have transformed the life of mankind in the last centuries. Their system of concepts has served as a guide in the bewildering chaos of perceptions so that we learned to grasp general truths from particular observations.What hopes and fears doe
10、s the scientific method imply for mankind? I do not think that this is the right way to put a question. Whatever this tool in the hand of man will produce depends entirely on the goals alive in this mankind. Once these goals exist, the scientific method furnishes means to realize them. Yet it cannot
11、 furnish the very goals. The scientific method itself would not have led any where it would not even have been born without a passionate striving for clear understanding Perfections of means and confusion of goals seemin my opinionto characterize our age. If we desire sincerely and passionately the
12、safety, the welfare and the free development of the talents of all men, we shall not be in want of the means of approach such a state. Even if only a small part of mankind strives for such goals, their superiority will prove itself in the long run.1.How does the writer draw the conclusion that menta
13、l development of an individual depends much upon language?2.According to the writer, scientific language is（ ）.3.It can be inferred from the passage that the technical revolutions（ ）.4.Which of the following statements would the writer probably favor?5.The writer thinks that the characteristics of o
14、ur age are（ ）.问题1选项A.He studies statistics revealed by researchers.B.He managed to do it by reasoning.C.He does it by citing words from authorities.D.He merely asserts it to be the case.问题2选项A.super-nationalB.limitedC.abstractD.boring问题3选项A.have no spiritual toolsB.have enlightened the thoughts of m
15、ankindC.have the little influence on the worldD.have transformed the life of mankind问题4选项A.Scientific method can provide mankind with means to attain goals.B.Scientific method would lead us to doom and chaos.C.Scientific method can only lead to warfare.D.Scientific method is more important than scie
16、ntific language.问题5选项A.perfections of means and confusion of goalB.lack of scientific method and abundance of scientific languageC.perfections of language and confusion of thinkingD.lack of solitude and abundance of cooperation【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:D第4题:A第5题:A【解析】1.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第二段的倒数第三句Thus we may co
