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1、2022年考博英语-湖南师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题In studying social groups, sociologists often gain （ ） through the use of such devices as questionnaires.问题1选项A.assessB.credibilityC.understandingD.insight【答案】A【解析】gain access （to）为固定搭配, 意为“接近, 获得权限, 得到（信息, 资源等）”, 这里省略了介词to。选项A正确。2. 单选题Many of these programmers
2、 have developed integrated materials to（ ）the mastery of English.问题1选项A.produceB.aimC.attemptD.facilitate【答案】D【解析】produce生产；aim打算，瞄准；attempt试图，尝试；facilitate促进，帮助。句意：很多程序员开发了一些综合材料来促进人们对英语的掌握。选项D符合句意。3. 单选题Competent researchers cite the most authoritative source, but what counts as authoritative agai
3、n varies by field. Note the authorities whom researchers in your field cite most often, what procedures they trust, what records they regularly cite. If you are dealing with primary sources (original texts of books, plays, diaries, and so on), be sure that your edition is recent and published by a r
4、eputable press. There are on-line electronic editions of Shakespeare so sloppily edited that using them would label you as incompetent.When students are unfamiliar with or cant find authoritative secondary sources-scholarly journals and booksthey often resort to tertiary sources: textbooks, articles
5、 in encyclopedias, mass-circulation publications. If these are the only sources available, so be it, but never assume that they are authoritative. Be especially cautious about books on complex issues intended for mass audiences. Authors who write for the ordinary reader about brains or black holes a
6、re usually competent, sometimes distinguished researchers. But they must always simplify, sometimes oversimplify, and are always out of date. So if you start your research with a popular book, look at the dates of the journals cited in its bibliography.Authority also depends on being current, but ag
7、ain, different fields judge currency in different ways. In the sciences, out-of-data might be a month ago. In the humanities, a scholar might judge as reliable a book more than a century old. The best way to judge currency is to skim dates in bibliographies of recent journal articles. What seems to
8、be the cutoff date? Assume that most textbooks and reference books are out-of-date.1.The authors purpose of writing this passage is to tell students（ ） .2.The authors would probably agree with which of the following statements?3.According to the authors, what are authoritative sources?4.Which of the
9、 following best paraphrases the sentence “what counts as authoritative again varies by field”？5.What can be inferred from the passage?问题1选项A.how to cite authoritative sourcesB.how to be competent researchersC.how to judge authoritative sourcesD.how to read authoritative journals问题2选项A.Competent rese
10、archers may not refer to on-line electronic editions.B.Scientific books might be regarded as out-of-date if they were cited a month ago.C.Students should not resort to tertiary sources even if they are unfamiliar with or cant find authoritative secondary sources.D.Original texts of books, plays, and
11、 diaries are not authoritative books.问题3选项A.On-line electronic editions.B.The edition that is recent and published by a reputable press.C.A reliable book more than a century ago.D.Books on complex issues intended for mass audiences.问题4选项A.Authoritative sources are considered important in some fields
12、.B.The number of authoritative sources varies in different fields.C.The importance of authoritative sources is different in research fields.D.Authoritative sources are judged differently in different fields.问题5选项A.Out-of-date sources are not counted as authoritative.B.Students should not use popular
13、 books.C.Primary sources are the best authoritative sources.D.Secondary sources are hard to find【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知, 本文主要讲的是如何判断资源的权威性, 选项C更符合原文。2.推理判断题。选项A明显错误；根据第二段第一句可知, 选项C表述错误；根据第一段第三句可知, 选项D表述错误；根据最后一段第一句“Authority also depends on being current.”可推断, 作者认为权威是有时效性的。
14、所以选项B。3.细节事实题。根据第一段第三句“If you are dealing with primary sources (original texts of books, plays, diaries, and so on), be sure that your edition is recent and published by a reputable press.” 选项B与原文表述一致。4.推理判断题。句意指“什么才算权威又因领域而异”, 再根据原文内容可知, 作者指的是“不同领域对权威来源的判断是不同的。”选项D符合原文。5.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知, 作者强调权威资料
15、具有时效性, 说明过时的资料不具备权威性。选项A正确。4. 单选题In Briton the robin is a small bird, but its（ ）in America is much large.问题1选项A.speciesB.counterpartC.analogyD.category【答案】A【解析】句意：在英国知更鸟是一种小鸟, 但在美国它的物种要大得多。species物种, 种类；counterpart相似物；analogy 类比, 类似；category种类, 分类。选项A形容生物种类, 所以选项A正确。5. 单选题Originally designed as work clothes for miners, jeans are now worm by all segments of society, their appeal _ by their comfort and affordability.问题1选项A.overwhelmedB.corrodedC.complicatedD.broad
