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1、2022年考博英语-合肥工业大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Hard training will _ you richly when it comes to the actual competition.问题1选项A.payB.bringC.serveD.make【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。A项pay“支付，补偿，偿还”，B项bring“带来，提供，引起”，C项serve“招待，供应，为服务”，D项make“使得，进行，布置，准备”。由Hard training will _ you richly“艰苦的训练将丰厚地你”可知，“补偿”符合语境。句意：在真正的比赛中，艰苦的
2、训练会给你带来丰厚的回报。因此，该题选择A项正确。2. 单选题It was broadcast on the radio that trains to the city were delayed due to the exceptionally heavy rain flooded a nearby area east of it.问题1选项A.on theB.toC.floodedD.east of it【答案】C【解析】考查语法。Due to后面只能跟名词、动名词或者名词性短语，所以flooded a nearby area east of it只能做heavy rain的定语，修饰hea
3、vy rain；而heavy rain和flood之间是主动的关系，所以不能用flooded，而要用flooding。句意：电台广播说，由于特大暴雨淹没了该市东部附近地区，前往该市的火车延误了。因此，该题选择C项。3. 单选题Computer systems employ many tactics to thwart unauthorized access. Many computer systems require a user to enter a secret password to gain access.问题1选项A.strengthenB.preventC.superviseD.r
4、estrict【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。thwart表示“挫败，反对，阻碍”；A项strengthen“加强，巩固”，B项prevent“预防，防止，阻止”，C项supervise“监督，管理，指导”，D项restrict“限制，约束，限定”。句意：计算机系统采用许多策略来阻止未经授权的访问；许多计算机系统要求用户输入密码才能进入。因此，根据句意可知B选项正确。4. 单选题Aristotle could have avoided the mistake of thinking that women have less teeth than men by the simple device
5、 of asking Mrs. Aristotle to keep her mouth open while he counted.问题1选项A.could have avoidedB.less teethC.by the simple deviceD.open【答案】B【解析】考查语法。Less是little的比较级，用来修饰不可数名词，teeth是可数名词，所以应该用few的比较级fewer。句意：亚里斯多德认为女人的牙齿比男人的少，只要让亚里斯多德太太张着嘴让他数一数，他本可以避免这个错误。因此，该题选择B项。5. 单选题The film recounts the story of a
6、young beautiful woman who plots a _ revenge on her unfaithful lover.问题1选项A.miserlyB.dastardlyC.impotentD.dissoluble【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项miserly“吝啬的，贪婪的”，B项dastardly“卑鄙的，懦弱的”，C项impotent“无力的，无效的，虚弱的”，D项dissoluble“可分解的，可溶解的，可解除的”。从句子结构可知，句子缺少一个形容词修饰名词revenge“复仇，报仇”，四个选项中只有“卑鄙的”符合语境。句意：这部电影讲述了一个年轻美丽的女人计划对
7、她不忠的情人进行卑鄙的报复的故事。因此，该题选择B项正确。6. 单选题Miss Tennant was _ into revealing the names of the people who got involved in organizing and carrying out the murders.问题1选项A.infuriatedB.pokedC.dragoonedD.aggrandized【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A项infuriate“激怒，使大怒”，B项poke“刺，捅，戳”，C项dragoon“迫使，强迫，以武力镇压”，D项aggrandize“增加，夸大，强化”。根据句
8、子意思“坦南特小姐透露了参与组织和实施这些谋杀的人的名字”可知，四个选项中只有dragoon符合语境，dragoon sb. into sth.表示“迫使某人做某事”。句意：坦南特小姐被迫透露了参与组织和实施这些谋杀的人的名字。因此，该题选择C项正确。7. 单选题Until recently most astronomers believed that the space between the galaxies in our universe was a near perfect vacuum. This orthodox view of the universe is now being
9、challenged by astronomers who believe that a heavy “rain” of gas is falling into many galaxies from the supposedly empty space around them. The gas apparently condenses into a collection of small supposedly empty space around them. The gas apparently condenses into a collection of small stars, each
10、a little larger than the planet Jupiter. These stars vastly outnumber the other stars in a given galaxy. The amount of “intergalactic rainfall” into some of these galaxies has been enough to double their mass in the time since they formed. Scientists have begun to suspect that this intergalactic gas
11、 is probably a mixture of gases left over from the “big bang” when the galaxies were formed and gas was forced out of galaxies by supernova explosions.It is well known that when gas is cooled at a constant pressure its volume decreases. Thus, the physicist Fabian reasoned that as intergalactic gas c
12、ools, the cooler gas shrinks inward toward the center of the galaxy. Meanwhile its place is taken by hotter intergalactic gas from farther out on the edge of the galaxy, which cools as it is compressed and flows into the galaxy. The net result is a continuous flow of gas, starting as hot gases in in
13、tergalactic space and ending as a drizzle of cool gas called a “cooling flow,” falling into the central galaxy. A fairly heretical idea in the 1970s, the cooling-flow theory gained support when Fabian observed a cluster of galaxies in the constellation Perseus and found the central galaxy, NGC 1275,
14、 to be a strange-looking object with irregular, thin strands of gas radiating from it. According to previous speculation, these strands were gases that had been blown out by an explosion in the galaxy. Fabian, however, disagreed. Because the strands of gas radiating from NGC 1275 are visible in opti
15、cal photographs, Fabian suggested that such strands consisted not of gas blown out of the galaxy but of cooling flows of gas streaming inward. He noted that the wavelengths of the radiation emitted by a gas would change as the gas cooled, so that as the gas flowed into the galaxy and became cooler, it would emit not x-rays, but visible light, like that which was captured in the photographs. Fabians hypothesis was supported by Canizares determination in 1982 that most of the gas in the Perseus cluster was at a temp
