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1、2022年考博英语-河北农业大学考试内容及全真模拟冲刺卷（附带答案与详解）1. 单选题During the election campaign, the party vowed to _ environmental considerations into all its policies.问题1选项A.associateB.uniteC.incorporateD.combine【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项associate“联系”；B选项unite“（与某人或集体）联结；联合”，unite in doing sth.；C选项incorporate“将包括在内；使并入”，incorpo
2、rate sth. into sth.；D选项combine“结合；组合”，combine sth. with sth.。句意：在竞选期间，该党郑重宣告将环境因素_其所有政策。根据语境和单词用法，C选项incorporate“将包括在内；使并入”符合题意，意思是指政策将包含环境方面的问题。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题Oil is Nigerias _ export.问题1选项A.eliteB.majorityC.spiceD.staple【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项elite“社会精英”；B选项majority“大部分；大多数”；C选项spice“（调味）香料；额外的趣味（或刺激等）
3、”；D选项staple“（某国的）主要产品；主要部分”。句意：石油是尼日利亚出口的_。根据语境，D选项staple“（某国的）主要产品”搭配export“出口”比较合理，意思是石油是主要的出口产品。因此D选项正确。3. 单选题While fashion is thought of usually in relation to clothing, it is important to realize that it covers a much wider domain. It is to be found in manners, the arts, literature, and philoso
4、phy, and may even reach into certain areas of science. In fact, it may operate in any field of group life, apart from the technological and utilitarian area and the area of the sacred. Its operation requires a class society, for in its essential character it does not occur either in a homogeneous so
5、ciety like a primitive group, or in a caste (社会等级) society.Fashion behaves as a movement, and on this basis it is different from custom which, by comparison, is static. This is due to the fact that fashion is based fundamentally on differentiation and emulation. In a class society, the upper classes
6、 or so-called social elite are not able to differentiate themselves by fixed symbols or badges. Hence the more external features of their life and behavior are likely to be imitated by classes immediately below them, who, in turn, are imitated by groups immediately below them in the social structure
7、. This process gives to fashion a vertical descent. However, the elite class finds that it is no longer distinguishable, by reason of the imitation made by others, and hence is led to adopt new differentiating criteria, only to displace these as they in turn are imitated. It is primarily this featur
8、e that makes fashion into a movement and which has led one writer to remark that a fashion, once launched, moves to its doom.As a movement, fashion show little resemblance to any of the other movements which we have considered. While it occurs spontaneously and moves along in a characteristic cycle,
9、 it involves little in the way of crowd behavior and it is not dependent upon the discussion process and the resulting public opinion. It does not depend upon the mechanisms of which we have spoken. The participants are not recruited through agitation. No morale is built up among them. Nor does the
10、fashion movement have, or required, an ideology. Further, since it does not have a leadership imparting conscious direction to the movement, it does not build up a set of tactics. People take part in the fashion movement voluntarily and in response to the interesting and powerful kind of control whi
11、ch fashion imposes on them.1. It is known from the first paragraph that _.2. According to the author, which of the following people usually lead a new fashion?3. Which of the following statement is true?4. According to the author, a fashion movement _.5. It can be inferred from the passage that a fa
12、shion movement _.问题1选项A.fashion originates in a class societyB.fashion can be found only in a few fields of group lifeC.fashion operates in every societyD.people like to keep up with fashion in a primitive society问题2选项A.Philosophers.B.Artists.C.The social elite.D.Writers.问题3选项A.Fashion, as a movemen
13、t, is true.B.The upper classes play a little role in making fashion into a movement.C.A fashion will never vanish once it is launched.D.A fashion is destined to disappear once it is launched.问题4选项A.has little in common with other movementsB.will eventually develop into a social organizationC.has a p
14、owerful leadership guiding itD.has a set of symbols and values问题5选项A.functions in the same way as specific social movementsB.is a form of expressive behaviorC.can boost the morale of its participantsD.contributes a great deal to the way of crowd behavior【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段
15、最后一句Its operation requires a class society, for in its essential character it does not occur either in a homogeneous society like a primitive group, or in a caste society.（它的运作需要一个阶级社会，因为从本质上讲，它既不发生在原始群体那样的同质社会，也不发生在种姓社会。），可知A选项“时尚起源于阶级社会”正确，B选项“时尚只存在于群体生活的几个领域”和C选项“时尚存在于每个社会”错误，时尚也不会存在于原始社会，D选项“在原始社会，人们喜欢赶时髦”错误。因此A选项正确。2.推理判断题。根据第二段第四句Hence the more external features of their life and behavior are likely to be imitated by classes immediately below them, who, in turn, are imitated by groups immediatel
