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1、2022年考博英语-东北大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题It is all very well to blame traffic jam, the cost of petrol and the fast pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming deplorable. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel. It is all very well, again, to have a tiger in t
2、he tank, but to have one in the drivers seat is another matter. You might tolerate the odd road-hog（占道者）, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a “Be Kind to Other Drivers” campaign; otherwise it may get completely out of hand.Road cour
3、tesy is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to hit back when subjected to uncivilized behavior. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of courtesy helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and toler
4、ance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of courtesy are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays dont even seem able to recognize courtesy when they see it.Contrary to general opinion, young drivers have better manners than their seniors. But this is short-lived in
5、 the world of modern driving where many drivers neither expect nor give any mercy. This may be encouraged on the battlefield but is out of place on the roads.Lorry drivers say they have almost abandoned the practice of signaling cars to overtake when the road is clear, because many of the cars took
6、too long to pass. They couldnt be bothered to select a lower gear. The car drivers, after overtaking, slowed down again and hogged the road. Again, a motoring magazine has recently drawn attention to the increasing number of drivers who never wait for gaps. “They manufacture them by force, using the
7、ir direction indicators as a threat rather than a warning.” Punch-ups （打群架）are quite common. It cant be long before we hear of pistols and knives being used.Driving is essentially a state of mind. However technically skilled a driver may be, he cant be an advanced motorist if he is always arrogant a
8、nd aggressive.1. The author is most concerned about （ ）.2. The word “deplorable” (Para. 1) most probably means “（ ）”.3. The word “courtesy” (Paragraph 2) most probably means “（ ）”.4. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?5. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that （ ）.6. An example of good manners on
9、the roads is （ ）.7. According to the author, a good driver should （ ）.问题1选项A.traffic jamB.road mannersC.fast pace of lifeD.high cost of petrol问题2选项A.more seriousB.more temptingC.disturbingD.noticeable问题3选项A.drivingB.wavingC.good mannersD.bad manners问题4选项A.Many drivers tend to fight back against rude
10、 behaviors.B.A little courtesy may help ease the tensions on the road.C.Goodwill and tolerance may help relieve traffic jam.D.Many drivers nowadays lack a good sense of courtesy.问题5选项A.young drivers are more aggressiveB.young drivers would soon lose their good mannersC.elder drivers are more cautiou
11、sD.elder drivers should improve their driving skills问题6选项A.signaling cars to overtakeB.manufacturing a gapC.selecting a lower gearD.using the direction indicator问题7选项A.be technically skilledB.have a good state of mindC.be sympathetic with othersD.take good care of his vehicle【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D
12、第5题:B第6题:A第7题:B【解析】1.【试题解析】主旨大意题。作者围绕交通文明而展开论述。因此B项“道路礼貌”比较符合本文主旨。2.【试题解析】词义题。“deplorable”所在句为：It is all very well to blame traffic jam, the cost of petrol and the fast pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming deplorable （交通堵塞、汽油价格和现代生活的快节奏固然应该指责，但道路上的礼仪正变得）。由此可知，deplorable有“糟糕，变坏”
13、之意，故选A。3.【试题解析】词义题。对于“courtesy”的理解可参考其所在句子：A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of courtesy helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of courtesy are all too rare today.（个友好的点头或挥手以回应一个的行为，
14、有助于创造友好和宽容的氛围，而这正是现代交通条件下迫切需要的。但是这种礼貌的回应现如今实在太少见了），由此可知，courtesy意为“礼貌”。4.【试题解析】主旨大意题。第二段先是提出了道路文明，尾句是主题句：这种礼貌的回应现如今实在太少见了。现在当遇到这样的情况，许多司机甚至都意识不到这种礼貌或好意。因此D项“现在许多司机缺乏礼貌意识”比较符合第二段大意。5.【试题解析】判断推理题。第三段指出：But this is short-lived in the world of modern driving where many drivers neither expect nor give an
15、y mercy.（但是这会是短暂的，在这个现代的驾驶世界，许多司机既不期待也不给予任何宽容），由此推测，B项“年轻的司机很快就会失去他们的礼貌”正确。6.【试题解析】判断推理题。第四段指出：卡车司机说，他们几乎已经放弃了在道路畅通时向汽车发出超车信号的做法，自己懒得麻烦变道，即使这么做了，上来的车也不会有好的做法。因此，这属于一种道路礼貌的行为，故选A项。7.【试题解析】判断推理题。Driving is essentially a state of mind. However technically skilled a driver may be, he cant be an advanced motorist if he is always arrogant and aggressive.（开车是一种心态，技术再好的司机，如果傲慢和具有侵略性，也不可能是一位优秀的司机）。由此可知，作者认为，优秀的司机得有一个好心态。故选B。2. 单选题An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to（ ）further research.问题1选项A.stimulateB.origin
