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1、2022年考博英语-东北师范大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题It is absolutely essential that William （ ）his study in spite of some learning difficulties.问题1选项A.will continueB.continuedC.continueD.continues【答案】C【解析】句意:尽管有着一些学习困难，但是威廉却完全有必要继续自己的学习。语法题。考查虚拟语气。Its+形容词（essential, necessary, important等）+从句（谓语是should do,其中shoul
2、d可以省略）。由句中关键词“It is absolutely essential that完全有必要”可知C项“continue”正确。2. 翻译题Put the following 10 sentences into Chinese.The purpose behind such attempts is to influence public opinion and justify the aggressive war.I believe, there are few in England who know me at all who do not know me as an Irish C
3、atholic.Books are the best, well used; abused, among the worst.If a specific relationship seems to be true in a number of cases, without any exceptions, then it may be hypothesized that the relationship holds in general.Large fields of the same crop also result in rapid multiplication of destructive
4、 insects.Market research is a study of the requirements of various markets, the acceptability of products, and the methods of developing or exploiting new markets.With more and more women entering the rank of management, researchers begin to explore the relationship between gender and leadership.Cul
5、ture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and humane feeling. Scraps of information have nothing to do with it.Many scientific inventions or establishments originated from Europe were first to be applied or implemented in USA.It is unavoidable that people of two generations and even t
6、hose of the same age differ in their values and pursuits.【答案】这种做法背后的目的就是为了影响公众的想法以及证明这场侵略战争的合法性。我相信，在英格兰凡是认识我的人，几乎都知道我是个爱尔兰天主教徒。如果利用得当，书籍就是最好的朋友；反之，如果滥用，它就会变成最坏的东西了。如果某一特定的关系在很多情况下都正确，且无一例外，则可以假定，该关系可以成立。大片相同的作物也会导致破坏性昆虫的快速增殖。市场研究是研究不同的市场的需求、产品的可接受性、发展或者开发新市场的方法。随着越来越多的女性进入管理层，研究人员开始探索性别和领导能力之间的关系。文
7、化素养是一种思想活动，具有对美和人情感悟能力。道听途说的点滴知识与此完全是两码事。许多起源于欧洲的科学发明或者机构首次在美国被应用或者实现。两代人甚至同龄人之间在价值观和追求上的差异是不可避免的。3. 单选题If only the patient （ ）a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.问题1选项A.had receivedB.receivedC.should receiveD.were receiving【答案】A【解析】句意:要是这位病人接受一种不同的治疗而
8、不是使用抗生素，他现在可能仍然活着。语法题。考查表示与过去情况相反的虚拟语气。由句中关键词“instead of using the antibiotics而不是使用抗生素”与“he might still be alive now他现在可能仍然活着”可知这里表示“与过去情况相反的虚拟”，表示对过去的虚拟条件句中, 从句谓语动词为过去完成时。4. 单选题The use of deferential （敬重的）language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender
9、norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy;
10、 she “treads softly （谨言慎行）in the world,” elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form.Nowadays, it is commonly observed that young women are not conforming to the feminine linguistic （语言的）ideal. They are using fewer of the very deferential “womens” forms, and even using the few strong forms th
11、at are known as “mens.” This, of course, attracts considerable attention and has led to an outcry in the Japanese media against the defeminization of womens language. Indeed, we didnt hear about “mens language，until people began to respond to girls appropriation of forms normally reserved for boys a
12、nd men. There is considerable sentiment about the “corruption” of womens language-which of course is viewed as part of the loss of feminine ideals and morality-and this sentiment is crystallized by nationwide opinion polls that are regularly carried out by the media.Yoshiko Matsumoto has argued that
13、 young women probably never used as many of the highly deferential forms as older women. This highly polite style is no doubt something that young women have been expected to “grow into”after all, it is a sign not simply of femininity, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to in
14、dicate a change in the nature of ones social relations as well. One might well imagine little girls using exceedingly polite forms when playing house or imitating older womenin a fashion analogous to little girls use of a high-pitched voice to do “teacher talk” or “mother talk” in role play.The fact
15、 that young Japanese women are using less deferential language is a sure sign of change-of social change and of linguistic change. But it is most certainly not a sign of the “niasculization” of girls. In some instances, it may be a sign that girls are making the same claim to authority as boys and m
16、en, but that is very different from saying that they are trying to be “masculine”. Katsue Reynolds has argued that girls nowadays are using more assertive language strategies in order to be able to compete with boys in schools and out. Social change also brings not simply different positions for women and girls,
