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1、机械制造造常用词词汇1. 工程材料料Enggineeeriing matteriialss1）金属属材料的的力学特特性meechaaniccal prooperrtiees强度Strength塑性plasticity硬度 hardness韧性Toughness屈服强度 Yield strength抗拉强度 Tensile strength布氏硬度Brinell hardness洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness维氏硬度 Vickers hardness2)常用用工程材材料Coommoon EEngiineeerinng MMateeriaals普通低合金general structu
2、re low-alloy steel易切钢Automatic Steel渗碳钢 carburized steel调质钢Hardened And Tempered Steel弹簧钢 spring steel滚动轴承钢 Rolling bearings Steel碳素钢Carbon steel合金钢Alloy Steel灰铸钢 cast gray steel球墨铸钢ductile cast steel可煅铸钢Casting, malleable iron铜合金Copper alloy铝合金aluminium alloy刀具钢Cutlery Steel模具钢 Die Steel量具钢 gauge s
3、teel合金工具钢alloy tool steel不锈钢 stainless steel耐热钢 refractory steel耐磨钢 Abrasion-Resistant Steel特殊钢 special steel粉末冶金powder metallurgy硬质合金 Hard alloy2.钢的的热处理理工艺HHeatt trreattmennt完全退火fullannealing球化退火spheroidizing annealing去应力退火stressrelievingannealing退火annealing正火normalizing淬火quenching回火tempering表面淬火su
4、rface quenching渗碳carburization渗氮nitriding3. 常用机床床macchinne ttooll卧式车床 Lathes, horizontal单轴立式车床 single column vertical lathe台式车床 bench lathe立式车床 Lathes, vertical摇臂车床 radial lathe单臂刨床 open-side planing machine插床 Slotting machines龙门刨床Planing machine卧式升降台铣床horizontal lifting platform milling machine立式升降
5、台铣床lifting platform milling machine龙门铣床 planer-type milling machine滚齿机gear hobbing machine外圆磨床External cylindrical grinding machines内圆磨床internal cylindrical grinding machine平面磨床surface grinder拉床 broaching machine插齿机gear shaper4. 数控机床床Commputteriizedd Nuumerricaal CConttroll数控车床 CNC lathes数控洗床 CNC mi
6、lling machine加工中心 CNC Machining Center轴联动加工机床 axes linkage machine tool复合加工机床 composite machine tool5. 刀具cuutteer硬质合金焊接式车刀carbide welded cutter机夹式车刀 Turning tools车刀laathee toool成形车刀刀forrmedd tuurniing toool 铣刀Miilliing cuttterr钻削钻头drill深孔钻deep-hole drill扩孔钻expanding drill， 锪钻countersink drill，铰刀ream
7、er及镗刀boring tool孔加工复合刀具 combination cutting tool孔加工刀刀具(pieerciing cuttterrs)圆孔round花键spline键槽key groove推刀push broach拉刀brroacchinng丝锥tap螺纹滚压工具螺纹刀具具chaasinng ttooll齿轮刀具具Geaar CCuttterss插齿刀ggearr shhapeer ccuttter剃齿刀ggearr shhaviing cuttterr齿轮滚刀刀geaar hhob蜗轮滚刀刀worrm hhob锥齿滚刀刀自动线刀刀具auutommatiic llinee c
8、uutteer6测量器器具meeasuurinng iinsttrummentt游标卡尺slide caliper千分尺micrometer calipers百分表dial indicator万能角度尺mullti-functional compasses塞尺Feeler gauges刀口形直尺Knife straight edge三坐标测量仪coordinate measuring machine7. 工件夹具具fixxturres andd jiigs斜楔夹紧机构螺旋夹紧机构偏心夹紧机构铰链夹紧机构定心夹紧机构联动夹紧机构机械增力机构8. 液液压传动动Hyddrauulicc Poower
9、r Trranssmisssioon液压泵hydraulic pump液压马达hydraulic motor液压缸Hydraulic cylinder控制阀control valve辅助装置supplemental devices方向控制阀 direction control valve压力控制阀 pressure control valve流量控制阀 flow control valve滤油器oil filter油箱oil tank蓄能器Accumulator压力表开关pressure meter switch管道及管接头pipes & fittings9. 形位公差差Geoomettric
10、cal Tolleraancee公差配合tolerance fit表面粗糙度Surface roughness表面形状和位置公差shape and position tolerance10.机机械零件件 meechaaniccal parrts盘类轴类箱体类焊接类冲压类铸造类螺纹类11.机机械零件件 meechaaniccal parrts凸轮Caam滚子roolleer棘轮raatchhet螺栓bolt螺母nut螺钉bolt带轮平带flat beltV带 V belt圆形带circular belt同步带 timing belt链轮 sprocket wheel链条 chain滚子链boom
11、 chain齿轮gear直齿圆柱齿轮 straight toothed spur gear直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear涡轮turbo涡杆Vortex bar齿轮箱Gear box减速器Reducer轴 axis曲轴Crank shaft传动轴Transmission Shaft平键flat key半圆键woodruff key花键spline轴承bearing滚动轴承Rolling Bearing滑动轴承plain bearing联轴器coupling刚性联轴器Rigid coupling扰性联轴器弹性联轴器Flexible coupling离合器clutch超越离合器fr
12、ee-wheeling clutch摩擦离合器Friction Clutches牙嵌式离合器Jaw clutch弹簧 spring圆柱螺旋弹簧Cylindrically helical spring盘簧coiled spring板弹簧Leaf spring12.钳钳工工艺艺ockksmiith划线錾削chopping锉削filing锯削scaling钻孔drilling扩孔counterbore锪孔counterbore铰孔reaming攻螺纹ensat threaded 套螺纹矫正和弯曲刮削gouging研磨polishing铆接rivet joint13. 装配工艺艺Asssembbly部
13、件装配Assembly总装配 final assembly调整 adjust精度检验 precision inspection试车trial喷漆 spray-paint涂油annoit装箱 encase14.特特种加工工 sppeciial proocesss电火花加工 （EDM）Electric Discharge Machine电火花线切割加工 (WEDM) Wire cut Electrical Discharge Machining激光加工 (LBM) Laser Beam Machining超声清洗ultrasonic cleaning失蜡铸造investement casting低压铸造Low Pressure Casting压力铸造pressure casting金属铸造离心铸造centrifugal casting15.铸铸造 ccasttingg手工造型 manual casting
