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1、被动语态、概念：语态是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。二、主动句变为被动句的步骤：1. 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语2.把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。3原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。4. 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。三、被动语态的用法：1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is/am/are+
2、及物动词的过去分词Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.Mymotherasksmetostudyhard.2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was/were+及物动词的过去分词Anewshopwasbuiltlastyear.3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has/have+been+及物动词的过去分词Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.Manyman-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+be+及物动词的过去分词An
3、ewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.Manymoretreeswillbeplantednextyear.5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.Thedoormaybelockedinside.Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词7. 不定式的被动语态：to+be+及物动词的过去分词Therea
4、retwobookstoberead.Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to，但变为被动语态时，须加上too例:makesomebodydosomethingsomebody+be+madetodosomethingseesomebodydosomethingsomebody+be+seentodosomethingAgirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.Thebossmade
5、thelittleboydoheavywork.Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，可以使用直接宾语也可以使用间接宾语作被动语态句子的主语使用直接宾语（物）作主语时，要在动词后加上介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。Hegavemeabook.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.Heshowedmeaticket.Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.5. 一些动词短
6、语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。Wecantlaughathim.Hecantbelaughedatbyus.Helistenstotheradioeveryday.Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.不用被动语态的情况1）不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：appear,die（死亡“disappear（消失），end（vi.结束）,fail,happen,las
7、t,lie,remain,sit,spread,standbreakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.如：Afterthefire,verylittleremainedofmyhouse.比较：rise,fall,happen是不及物动词；raise,seat是及物动词。（错）Thepricehasbeenrisen.（对）Thepricehasrisen.（错）Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.（对）Theaccidenthappenedlastweek.（错）Thepricehasra
8、ised.（对）Thepricehasbeenraised.（错）Pleaseseat.（对）Pleasebeseated.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。2）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watch,agreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto如:Th
9、iskeyjustfitsthelock.被动语态练习一、选择题（）1.anewlibraryinourschoollastyear?A.Is;builtB.Was;bulitC.Does;buildD.Did;build（）2.Anaccidentonthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened（）3.CottoninthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow（）4.Sofar,themoonbymanalready.A.isvisite
10、dB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited（）5.AtalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives（）6.Howmanytreesthisyear?A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted（）7.Alotofthingsbypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.will
11、bedone（）8.NeitheroftheminChina.A.ismadeB.aremadeC.weremadeD.made（）9.Look!Anicepictureforourteacher.A.isdrawingB.isbeingdrawnC.hasbeendrawnD.draws（）10.Yourshoes.Youneedanewpair.A.wearoutB.wornoutC.arewornoutD.isworn()11.Thedoctorforyet.A.isntsentB.hasntbeensentC.wontbesentD.wasntsent()12.-When_thiski
12、ndofcomputers?-Lastyear.A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used()13.TheGreatWallallovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown()14.Iinsummer.A.bornB.wasbornC.havebeenbornD.amborn()15.HesaysthatMrZhangtothefactorynextweek.A.issentB.wouldsendC.wassentD.willbesent()16.Whothisbook?A.did;writtenB.was;wr
13、ittenbyC.did;writtenD.was;written()17.Maryshowmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedtoB.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto()18.AstorybyGrannyyesterday.A.wastoldusB.wastoldtousC.istoldusD.toldus()19.Themonkeywasseenoffthetree.A.jumpB.jumpsC.jumpedD.tojump()20.Theschoolbag_behindthechair.A.putsB.canbeputC.canbeputted
14、D.canput()21.Olderpeoplewell.A.looksafterB.mustbelookedafterC.mustlookafterD.lookedafter()22.Ourteachercarefully.A.shouldbelistenedtoB.shouldbelistenC.belistenedD.islistened二、将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。1. Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.Theworkintwodays.2. TheyproducesilkinSuzhou.SilkinSuzhou.3. Thechildrenwillsi
15、nganEnglishsong.AnEnglishsong_bythechildren.4. Youneedntdoitnow.Itbyyounow.5. LucysentmeaNewYearCardlastweek.ANewYearCardherbymelastweek.6. Peopleusemetalformakingmachines.Metalformakingmachines.7. Hemademedothatforhim.Ithatforhim.8.Ihavegiventhisbooktothelibrary.Thisbook_tothelibrary.9. Didtheybuildabridgehereayearago?abridgeherebythemayearago?10. WellputonanEnglishplayinourschool.AnEnglishplayoninourschool.11. MoreandmorefarmersbuycolorTVsets.ColorTVsets_moreandmorefarmers.12. Mybrotheroftenmendshiswatch.Hiswatchbymybrother.13. W
