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1、2022年考博英语-东北大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题People are living longer than ever, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can expects to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. This is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists.
2、 The greater longevity （长寿） of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller than the gap is growing.A number of reasons have been proposed to accounts for the differences. The gap is greatest in industria
3、lized societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be less adventurous than men （and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer
4、 accidents）.Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are more likely to smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women smoking and
5、 they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply.One puzzling aspect of the problem is that women do not appear to be as healthy as men. That is, they report far more illnesses. But when a man reports an illness, it is more likely to be serious.Some researchers hav
6、e suggested that men may die early because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a job. （Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiveness of th
7、e immune system.） Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming promptness.Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface of the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have the edge am
8、ong virtually all mammalian （哺乳动物的）species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences begin at the moment of conception; there are more male miscarriages （流产）. In human, after birth, more baby boys than baby girls die.1. According to Paragraph 1, which
9、 of the following statements is true?2. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?3. As is suggested in Paragraph 2, the two factors relevant to womens longer lifespan are （ ）.4. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is true?5. Which of the following phenomena makes resea
10、rchers puzzled?6. The word “edge” in Paragraph 6 means “（ ）”.7. According to Paragraph 6, which of the following statements is true?8. What is the main idea of the passage?问题1选项A.Women did not live longer than men until 17th century.B.The longevity gap between women and men has been growing since 17
11、th century.C.A baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can live to be about 73.D.All women live longer than men.问题2选项A.Mens lifespan remains almost unchanged.B.Researchers have found the cause of the age gap.C.The more advanced a society, the greater the age gap.D.The age gap was noticed only rec
12、ently.问题3选项A.diseases and road accidentsB.industrialization and work strainsC.their immunity to heart disease and refusal of alcoholD.their endurance of work strains and reluctance for adventure问题4选项A.The great number of male smokers contributes to the age gap.B.The growing number of smoking women w
13、ill narrow the age gap.C.Female workers are more likely to smoke than male workers.D.Smoking does not seem to affect womens longevity.问题5选项A.Mens health is more closely related to their emotions.B.Though more liable to illnesses, women still live longer.C.Men show worse symptoms than women when they
14、 fall ill.D.Quite a number of men die soon after their retirement.问题6选项A.marginB.sideC.advantageD.quality问题7选项A.Only for human beings, females live longer than males.B.Women live longer than men because of genes.C.Females are different from males since the beginning of life.D.Both B and C问题8选项A.The
15、greater longevity of women remains a mystery.B.That women are healthier than men well explains their longevity.C.People are living longer as a result of industrialization.D.Women are less emotionally affected by difficulties in life.【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:D第4题:D第5题:B第6题:C第7题:C第8题:A【解析】1.【试题解析】判断推理题。A：直到17世纪，女性才比男性长寿。B：女性和男性的寿命差距自17世纪以来一直在扩大。由“It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then the gap is growing.（例如，这在17世纪就有描述。然而，当时的差异比现在小，现在的差距在增长）”可知A项以及B项错误。C：一个2003年出生在美国的男婴能够活到73岁。由“A baby boy
