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1、2022年考博英语-西北工业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题Over-taxation, many argue, impedes initiative, so that government income may actually（ ）.问题1选项A.mushroomB.capsizeC.shrinkD.dispel【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。mushroom “迅速增加；迅速生长”；capsize “倾覆； 翻覆”；shrink “收缩；畏缩”；dispel驱逐；消除（烦恼等）”。句意：很多人认为税收过重会打击进取心，因而政府的收入可能会减少。选项C符合题意。
2、2. 单选题Though the policies of racial （ ）had been abolished, many whites in the South were still dubious about the safety of the communities.问题1选项A.segregationB.regulationsC.communismD.extinction【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。segregation “分离；隔离”；regulations “管理条例；章则”；communism “共产主义”；extinction “灭绝；消失”。句意：尽管种族隔离制度
3、已经被废除，但是南方很多白人仍然质疑社区的安全。选项A符合题意。3. 单选题Havent I told you I dont want you keeping（ ） with those awful riding-about bicycle boys?问题1选项A.companyB.acquaintanceC.friendsD.place【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。keep company with “与来往”。句意：我不是告诉过你，不想让你和那些骑着自行车到处跑的讨厌的男孩们来往吗？选项A符合题意。4. 单选题It is hard to think of a field in which
4、 it is not important to（ ）what is likely to happen and act accordingly.问题1选项A.look outB.figure outC.turn outD.point out【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。look out “注意；当心”；figure out “解决；算出”；turn out “（以某种方式）发生；结果是”；point out “指出；指明”。句意：很难想象在某一个领域知道接下来可能发生什么并且采取了相应的行动这种做法不重要。选项B符合题意。5. 单选题（ ）eat rice rather than potato
5、es.问题1选项A.Most of peopleB.Most of the peopleC.The most of peopleD.The most people【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。most后面可以直接跟可数或者不可数名词，意思是“大多数”；most of 后面接有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词所修饰的名词，表示“特定范围中的大多数”；the most 后面通常跟形容词，表示最高级。因此选项B符合题意。6. 单选题To get a chocolate out of a box requires a considerable amount of unpacking: the box ha
6、s to be taken out of the paper bag in which it arrived; the cellophane wrapper has to be tom off，the lid opened and the paper removed; the chocolate itself then has to be unwrapped from its own piece of paper. But this insane amount of wrapping is not confined to luxuries. It is now becoming increas
7、ingly difficult to buy anything that is not done up in cellophane, polythene, or paper.A machine has been developed that pulps paper then processes it into packaging, e.g. egg-boxes and cartons. This could be easily adapted for local authority use. It would mean that people would have to separate th
8、eir refuse into paper and non-paper, with a different dustbin for each. Paper is, in fact, probably the material that can be most easily recycled; and now, with massive increases in paper prices, the time has come at which collection by local authorities could be profitable.Recycling of this kind is
9、 already happening with milk bottles, which are returned to the dairies, washed out, and refilled. But both glass and paper are being threatened by the growing use of plastic. More and more dairies are experimenting with plastic bottles, and it has been estimated that if all the milk bottles necessa
10、ry were made of plastic, then British dairies would be producing the equivalent of enough plastic tubing to encircle the earth every five or six days!The trouble with plastic is that it does not rot. Some environmentalists argue that the only solution to the problem of ever growing mounds of plastic
11、 containers is to do away with plastic altogether in the shops, a suggestion unacceptable to many manufacturers who say there is no alternative to their handy plastic packs.1.“This insane amount of wrapping is not confined to luxuries” (line 4) means（ ）.2.The “local authorities” are（ ）.3.If paper is
12、 to be recycled（ ）.4.British dairies are（ ）.5.The environmentalists think that（ ）.问题1选项A.not enough wrapping is used for luxuriesB.more wrapping is used for luxuries than for ordinary productsC.it is not only for luxury products that too much wrapping is usedD.the wrapping used for luxury products i
13、s unnecessary问题2选项A.the Town CouncilB.the policeC.the paper manufacturersD.the most influential citizens问题3选项A.more forests will have to be plantedB.the use of paper bags will have to be restrictedC.people will have to use different dustbins for their rubbishD.the local authorities will have to redu
14、ce the price of paper问题4选项A.producing enough plastic tubing in less than a weekB.giving up the use of glass bottlesC.increasing the production of plastic bottlesD.re-using their old glass bottles问题5选项A.more plastic packaging should be usedB.plastic is the most convenient form of packagingC.too much
15、plastic is wastedD.shops should stop using plastic containers【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D【解析】第1题:细节事实题。文章第一段最后两句话提到“但是这种疯狂的大量包装并不仅仅限于奢侈品。现在很难买到没有被玻璃纸、聚乙烯或者纸包装的东西了”（But this insane amount of wrapping is not confined to luxuries. It is now becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything that is not done up in cellophane, polythene, or paper），因此选项C“不仅奢侈品被包装，普通商品也一样”符合题意。第2题:推理判断题。文章第二段第三
