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1、2022年考博英语-湖南师范大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题He developed a（ ） attitude after years of frustration in his career.问题1选项A.encouragedB.disgustedC.drasticD.cynical【答案】D【解析】encouraged鼓舞人心的；disgusted厌烦的；drastic激烈的；cynical愤世嫉俗的。句意：在经历了多年的事业挫折之后，他变得愤世嫉俗。选项D符合语境。2. 单选题Scholars and students have always been great t
2、ravelers. The official case for “academic mobility” is now often stated in impressive terms as a fundamental necessity for economic and social progress in the world, and debated in the corridors of Europe, but it is certainly nothing new. Serious students were always ready to go abroad in search of
3、the most stimulating teachers and the most famous academies; in search of the purest philosophy, the most effective medicine, the likeliest road to gold.Mobility of this kind meant also mobility of ideas, their transference across frontiers, and their simultaneous impact upon many groups of people.
4、The point of learning is to share it, whether either with students or with colleagues; one presumes that only eccentrics have no interest in being credited with a startling discovery, or a new technique. It must also have been reassuring to know that other people in other parts of the world were abo
5、ut to make the same discovery or were thinking along the same lines, and that one was not quite alone, confronted by inquisition, ridicule or neglect.In the 20th century, and particularly in the last 20 years, the old footpaths of the wandering scholars have become vast highways. The vehicle which h
6、as made this possible has of course been the airplane, making contact between schools even in the most distant places immediately feasible, and providing for the very rapid transmission of knowledge.Apart from the vehicle itself, it is fairly easy to identify the main factors which have brought abou
7、t the recent explosion in academic movement. Some of these are purely quantitative and require no further mention: there are far more centers of learning and a far greater number of scholars and students. In addition one must recognize the very considerable multiplication of disciplines, particularl
8、y in the sciences, which by widening the total area of advanced studies has produced an enormous number of specialists whose particular interests are precisely defined. These people would work m some isolation if they were not able to keep in touch with similar isolated groups in other countries.1.A
9、ccording to the passage, scholars and students are great travelers because （ ）.2.The writer says that travel was important in the past because it （ ）.3.What, in the writers opinion, happens to a scholar who shares his ideas with his colleagues?4.According to the passage, the recent growth in air tra
10、vel has meant that （ ）.5.The writer thinks that academic work has recently become more specialized because （ ） .问题1选项A.Salaries and conditions are better abroadB.standards are higher at foreign universitiesC.they are eager for new knowledgeD.their government encourage them to travel问题2选项A.led to eco
11、nomic progressB.was a way of spreading ideasC.made new ideas less shockingD.broke down political barriers问题3选项A.He gains recognition for his achievementsB.He attracts large numbers of studentsC.He risks his ideas being stolenD.He is considered slightly mad问题4选项A.more students from remote areas can a
12、ttend universityB.universities can be built in remoter places】C.scholars can meet each other more easilyD.textbooks have wide circulation问题5选项A.more people are studying sciencesB.a greater variety of subjects is studiedC.more students are doing postgraduate workD.the number of universities has incre
13、ased【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.根据第一段最后一句, 认真的学生总是准备出国寻找最具启发性的老师和最著名的学院;寻找最纯粹的哲学, 最有效的医学, 最有可能的黄金之路。总而言之, 他们渴望新知识, 所以选项C正确。2.根据第二段的第一句“Mobility of this kind meant also mobility of ideas, their transference across frontiers,.”这种流动也意味着思想的流动.由此可知作者认为过去的游学很重要的原因是：游学是传播思想的一种方式。选项B符合原文。3.根据第二段第二句,
14、学习的目的是与学生或同事分享;有人认为, 只有怪人才对一项惊人的发现或一项新技术的功劳不感兴趣。也就是说, 通过分享, 分享者的成就获得了人们的认可。选项A符合原文。4.根据第三段最后一句可知, 交通工具的发展使得学者之间联系更为方便, 所以选项C符合原文。5.根据最后一段倒数第二句, 人们必须认识到学科的大量增加, 特别是在科学领域, 由于扩大了高级研究的总领域, 产生了大量的专家, 他们的特殊兴趣得到了精确的界定。由此可知, 学术研究越来越专业是由于学科的大量增加, 选项B符合原文。3. 单选题The addictive nature of online gambling has forc
15、ed many _ garners to seek treatment.问题1选项A.sedativeB.fortifiedC.compulsiveD.impulsive【答案】C【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项sedative“镇静剂”；B选项fortified“（在物质或精神上）加强”；C选项compulsive“欲罢不能的”；D选项impulsive“易冲动的”。句意：在线赌博成瘾的基本特征迫使许多_的赌徒寻求治疗。这里的赌徒对赌博上瘾，不能控制自己停下赌博，C选项compulsive“欲罢不能的”形容他们符合题意。因此C选项正确。4. 单选题The chairman reminded the lecturer not to be carried away and （ ）from the theme.问题1选项A.deviateB.escapeC.descendD.derail【答案】D【解析】deviate from为固定搭配, 意为“脱离, 偏离”。句意：主席提醒演讲者不要忘乎所以, 偏离主题。选项D符合句意。5. 单选题The elegant de
