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1、2022年考博英语-暨南大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of, zoo or wildlife（ ）for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them.问题1选项A.conservationB.maintenanceC.storageD.reserv
2、e【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。conservation “保存；保护”；maintenance “维护；维修”；storage“存储；仓库”；reserve“存储；自然保护区”，根据句子结构可知此处的名词与wildlife 一起同zoo构成并列成分，根据后句中的allow animals to develop naturally“允许动物自然生长”，可知此处应该选择名词reserve, wildlife reserve是“野生动物保护区”的意思。句意：一些科学家表示地球就像宇宙智能生物的动物园或者野生动物，正如我们在地球上设立荒野地带，允许在我们的观察下让动物自然生长。故正确答案为选项
3、D。2. 单选题When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his（ ）can be distributed.问题1选项A.paradoxesB.legaciesC.platitudesD.analogies【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。paradoxes “悖论；矛盾的事物”；legacies “遗产”；platitudes “平凡；陈词滥调”；analogies“类比；类推”，根据when a people dies“在一个人死的时候”和distributed“分发”，可知此处指的是遗产的分发。句意：一个人去世的时候，在分之前他
4、的债务必须偿还清楚。正确答案为选项B。3. 单选题Melissa is a computer（ ）that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.问题1选项A.geniusB.virusC.diseaseD.bacteria【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。genius“天才”；virus“病毒”；disease“疾病”；bacteria“细菌”， 根据destroyed files in computers“破坏电脑中的文件”，可知此处说的是电脑病毒。句意：米丽莎是一种电脑
5、，它能够摧毁电脑中的文件，困扰了成千上万的全球用户。故正确答案为选项B。4. 单选题If the work-force respected you, you wouldnt need to（ ）your authority so often.问题1选项A.affirmB.restrainC.assertD.maintain【答案】C【解析】本题考查动词辨析题。affirm“断言；肯定”；restrain“抑制”；assert“声称；坚持；维护”；maintain“保持”，根据respected“尊重”可知此处对应的是“维护权威”，表示维护权威或者捍卫权威是要用动词assert，故正确答案为选项
6、C。句意为：如果工人们尊重你，你就不需要总是维护你的权威。5. 单选题He seemed reluctant to send his troops in an effort to discourage the（ ）peasants.问题1选项A.animatedB.rebelliousC.creasedD.impassive【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。animated“活生生的；活泼的”；rebellious“反抗的；造反的”；creased“有折痕的”；impassive“冷漠的；无感觉的”，根据troops“军队”一词可知此处的peasant“农民”是需要被镇压的，分析四个选项可
7、知此处填rebellious这个形容词符合句意。句意：他好像不愿意派他的军队去镇压农民。由此得知B选项正确。6. 单选题Having decided to rent a flat we（ ）contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city.问题1选项A.set outB.set toC.set aboutD.set off【答案】C【解析】本题考查了同义词组的辨析。set out“动身；着手做某事”；set to“开始做某事”；set about“开始做某事”；set off“出发；动身”，set to后面应该接动词原形，此句中的动词是
8、用的现在分词形式，所以可以排除选项B；选项D是“出发，动身去某地”的意思， 不符合此处的语境；set out一般与不定式to do连用，所以可以排除选项A，故正确答案为选项C。7. 单选题A week later, （ ）actions were taken to control the inflation, which caused riots all over the country.问题1选项A.desperateB.ambivalentC.ambiguousD.deliberate【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项desperate“拼命的，绝望的”；B选项ambivalent“
9、矛盾的”；C选项ambiguous“模棱两可的”；D选项deliberate“故意的，深思熟虑的”。句意：一周后，政府采取了深思熟虑的措施来控制造成全国混乱的通货膨胀。此处填入空格的形容词修饰actions（措施，行动）。由句意可知一周之后才采取措施，那肯定是经过深思熟虑的，D选项“深思熟虑的措施”符合题意，其他选项都不准确。因此D选项正确。8. 单选题The development of high-technologies at an unprecedented speed has rendered lots of conventional office jobs（ ）.问题1选项A.sui
10、cidalB.obsoleteC.availableD.profitable【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项suicidal“自杀的”；B选项obsolete“淘汰的，废弃的，过时的”；C选项available“可获得的，有空的”；D选项profitable“有利可图的，有益的”。句意：高科技以前所未有的速度发展，使得许多传统的办公室工作被淘汰了。由句意可知高科技发展导致传统办公室工作过时/淘汰，B选项obsolete“淘汰的，废弃的，过时的”符合题意，其他选项都不准确。因此B选项正确。9. 单选题Judges are（ ）increasingly heavy fines for mi
11、nor driving offences.问题1选项A.requiringB.demandingC.impartingD.imposing【答案】D【解析】动词辨析题。demanding“需要；要求”；imparting“给予；传授”；imposing“强加；征税；处以”，根据driving offences“交通违法行为”，和fines“罚金”，可知此处应该使用动词imposing，故正确答案为选项D。句意为：交警对于轻微的交通违法行为处以越来越重的罚款。10. 单选题Research suggests that, heavy penalties do not act as a（ ）to p
12、otential criminals.问题1选项A.deterrentB.preventionC.safeguardD.distraction【答案】A【解析】本题考查了名词的辨析。deterrent“威慑物；制止物”；prevention“预防；阻止”；safeguard“保护；安全设施”；distraction“分心；消遣”，heavy penalties“严厉的刑罚”是用来威慑那些犯罪者的，所以此处应该选择名词deterrent，故正确答案为选项A。句意为：研究表明，严厉的刑罚并不能威慑那些潜在的犯罪者。11. 不定项选择题Great emotional and intellectual
13、 resources are demanded in quarrels; stamina helps, as does a capacity for obsession. But no one is born a good quarreler; the craft must be learned.There are two generally recognized apprenticeships. First, and universally preferred, is a long childhood spent in the company of fractious siblings. A
14、fter several years of rainy afternoons, brothers and sisters develop a sure feel for the tactics of attrition and the niceties of strategy so necessary in first-rate quarrelling.The only child, or the child of peaceful or repressed households, is likely to grow up failing to understand that quarrels
15、, unlike arguments, are not about anything least of all the pursuit of truth. The apparent subject of a quarrel is a mere pretext; the real business is the quarrel itself.Essentially, adversaries in a quarrel are out to establish or rescue their dignity. I fence the elementary principle: anything may be said. The unschooled, prob
