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1、2022年考博英语-陕西师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题Translate the following passage into English.“孩子是上天送给成人的天使；宠物是成人送给孩子的天使。”宠物可以成为孩子很好的伙伴：他们与孩子玩耍，同时也与孩子进行着感情的交流。孩子可以对他们倾诉自己的心事，因为他们是最好的倾诉者；孩子受到父母的训斥或别人的嘲笑时，这些默默无闻的听者可以带给他们关怀和安慰；孩子生病时，宠物可以陪伴他们，给他们抚慰和鼓励帮助他们勇于面对困难，自强不息。【答案】Children are the angels of adults given
2、by god; pets are the angels of children given by adults. Pets can be childrens good friends. They play with children, as well as exchange emotional feelings with them at the same time. Children can tell their own worries to pets for they are the best audient. When children are rebuked by parents or
3、laughed at by others, these silent listeners can bring them care and comfort. Pets can keep children company when they are ill, giving them comfort and encouraging them to face difficulties and constantly striving to become stronger.2. 单选题Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said the wo
4、rds. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given mes
5、sage. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We dont always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words dont mean anything except “Im letting off some steam. I dont really want you to pay close attention to what Im saying. Just p
6、ay attention to what Im feeling.” Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, “This step has to be fixed before Ill buy.” The owner says, “Its been like that for years.” Actually, the step hasnt been like that for years, but the unspoken mes
7、sage is: “I dont want to fix it. We put up with it. Why cant you?” The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed by examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associa
8、ted meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friends unusually d
9、ocile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says “No!” to a serials of charges like “Youre du
10、mb/ “Youre lazy,” and “Youre dishonest,” may also say “NoP and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is And youre good looking.”We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, “If sure has been nice to have you over,” can be said with emphasis and excitement
11、or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.1. Effective com
12、munication is rendered possible between two conversing partners if_.2. “Im letting off some steam” in paragraph 1 means_.3. The house-owners example shows that he actually means_.4. Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if_.5. The word “ritualistically” in the l
13、ast paragraph equals something done_.问题1选项A.they use proper words to carry their ideasB.they both speak truly of their own feelingsC.they try to understand each others ideas beyond wordsD.they are capable of associating meaning with their words问题2选项A.Im just calling your attentionB.Pm just kiddingC.
14、Pm just saying the oppositeD.Im just giving off some sound问题3选项A.the step has been like that for yearsB.he doesnt think it necessary to fix the stepC.the condition of the step is only a minor faultD.the cost involved in the fixing should be shared问题4选项A.linked to an abnormal amount of assertivenessB
15、.seen as ones habitual pattern of behaviorC.taken as part of an ordering sequenceD.expressed to a series of charges问题5选项A.without true intentionB.light-heartedlyC.in a way of ceremonyD.with less emphasis【答案】第1题:D第2题:A第3题:B第4题:C第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone.（言语的确为我们提供了一些信息，但其意思是从如此多的其它来源中获取出来的，以至于过于依赖言语将阻碍我们与其他人交流的效果）可知D选项“他们能把自己的言语与意思联系起来”符合题意。2.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Sometim
