对词汇表中的活用词进行梳理

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1、根据不同的要求对词汇表中的活用词进行梳理,归纳从对比词词组的同义、词序或结构等复习归纳词汇,过辨析关1差了一个字母a,意思大不同这类词不多,但在练习中极易出错,使用时也常混淆,因而要从用法和意义上加以辨别。如: arise vi产生;发生;出现),rise (vi起来;上涨;上升)live叫醒)vi生活)(adj修饰物,作定语:alive fire) alone (adj,adv. “独自”,作形容词时作表语),lone(adj“孤独的;偏僻的”, 作定语)asleep(adj. “熟睡的”,常作表语),sleep (V. n.睡 着)awake(adj. v. “醒着;叫醒”,作形容词时作表

2、语),wake v.alike (adj“相象的”,表语形容词),like(v,prep,adj.喜欢;象一样)across(prep. adv.穿过;横过),cross(v.穿过;横过)await (vt“等候”,直接接宾语),wait (vi等 候”,不及物动词)aloud (adv“大声地,与read, call, cry 等连用,无比较级形式),loud (adv. “大声地,响亮地”,常与 talk, speak, shout, laugh等词连用)alive (adj“活着的”,作表语), 注意:有a-的形容词常作表语,作定语时则要后置。如:Its difficult for th

3、e manawake to fall asleep again.2.词序不同、意思就不同有少量词组颠倒词序后意思和用法就不同了,常见的有:turn in (上交;就寝),in turn (按次序,轮流)hand in (上交),in hand (在手边)if only (要是),only if (只有),in all(总共)good for (对有好处),for good (永远)before long(不久以后),long before (很久以前)from far (来自远方),far from (离得远;远非)much too (非常,修饰形容词或副词),too much (太多,修饰名

4、词,也可作名词)It was late to catch a bus after the party, thereforethey called a taxi.A. too veryB. much tooC. toomuchD. farBefore long, she moved to London and made London the base for her revolutionary work.It was not long before the whole country rose up and drove theAustrians out of their homeland.3有无

5、-ly,意思和用法都不同这词在教材中较多。一般来说,在形容词后加了-ly成了副词,但 有些形容词不加-ly时也可作副词,因而在使用或考测时学生常混淆 不清,复习时可按用法分类记忆:a.有无-ly,意思不同:near (近,附近),nearly (几乎)hard (努力),hardly (几乎不)most (大部分),mostly (主要地)like (象样),likely (大概,也许)dear (昂贵),dearly (深切地;昂贵地)close (靠近地),closely (密切地)late (迟到), lately (最近)bad (坏),badly (恶劣地;严重地)b表具体(无-ly

6、)和抽象(有-ly)的区别:)deep (深),deeply(深深地)high (高,位置高),highly (高度地)low (位置低), lowly (地位卑微)wide (宽广),widely (广泛地4.动词后有无介词,意思不同因有无介词而词义不同的动词在中学英语教材中较多,常见的如:prepare (准备),prepare for (为作准备)enter (进入),enter for (报名参加)run (经营;跑),run for (竞选)st and (站; 忍受),stand for (代表)answer (回答),answer for (负责) know (了解,知道),kn

7、ow about (知道关于)pay (付钱、债给 某人),pay for (付钱买某物)search (对人、物或场所搜查), search for (搜寻人、物或场所)leave (离开某地),leave for(去某地)reach (到达;拿到),reach for (伸手去拿)The body reached for the apple but he couldn t reach it.那婴 儿伸手去拿苹果,但够不到。The man who used to run a small shop will run for the Senate 那个曾经营过一家小店的市长准备去竞选参议员。5.

8、合写与分写时意思不同这类词在拼法上一样,但合写和分写在用法和意义上却不同,常见 的词有:everyday (adj“日常的”,作定语),every day (每天)anyway(adv无论怎样),any way (以任何方式)altogether (总共,完 全),all together (一道,一起)already (已经),all ready(都已准备好)everyone (每个人,指人,不可接of短语),every one (每个人或物,后可接of短语)none (没有,可指人或物), no one (没有,专指人)some time (某个时候),some t ime (一 段时间)

9、some times (有时),some t imes (几次)The students were all very tired, but of them would stopto take a rest.A. any B. some C. none D. neither 6动作动词和结果动词 英语中有些动词虽然意义相同,但用法不同,有的表示某个动作,而另一个则表示该动作所产生的结果, 这类动词常见的有:try (试图,不说明是否成功),manage (设法,侧重做到);advise(劝告,不说明是否劝成),persuade (劝服,侧重劝成功)look for(寻找),find (找到);l

10、ook (看),see (看见);listen (听), hear (听到);How can you if you are not ?A. listen, hearingB. hear, listeningC. be listening, heard D. be hearing, listened to 二从搭配上复习归纳词汇,过习语关 英语词汇的搭配十分活跃,复习时我们要把重点放在某些常用的动 词、名词或介词、副词。我们可按下列方式进行对比归纳。1. 常用的搭配活跃的动词常用的搭配活跃的动词有: get, have, go, do, turn, put, set,look, take, ma

11、ke, give, come 等。复习时我们要尽量将具有相反 意义的介词、副词与同一动词的搭配罗列在一起对比记忆,如 turn一词:),turn in (上交),turn against (反对),turn out (生产),turn away (避开)turnon (打开),turnoff (关上),turnup (放大音量等;出现),turn down (放小音量等;拒绝Would you mind your radio a little?A. turn off B. turning offC. to turn down D. turning down2. 常用的搭配活跃的介词、副词搭配活

12、跃的介词、副词有:in, out, up, down, on, off, to, from, for, over, with 等。复习时,我们要从不同动 词、名词等与同一 介词、副词搭配进行逐一过关,如on的搭配有:(1) on 与动词的搭配get on (上车/船等),live on (以为生),feed on (以为生), take on (接受;雇用),turn on (打开开关/电器等),wait on(侍候),carry on (执行),hold on (坚持),insist on (坚持), play tricks on (戏弄),fix on (注视),impress on (留

13、下印 象)look on (旁观),spy on (侦察/窥探),call on (号召;拜 访),go on (继续),have on (穿戴),depend on (依靠), on与名词搭配(注意冠词的取舍)on sale (出售;大减价),on earth (到底,究竟),on journey(旅游),on foot (步行),on purpose (故意),on the way (在 路上),on the contrary (相 反),on one hand (一方面),on the right (在右边),on the whole (总而言之),on ones own(独自),on

14、ones side (支持,站在某一方),on holiday/leave (度假/请假)on duty (值班),on business (因公;因事),on fire (燃烧),on show (展览),on time (准时),on strike(罢工),on watch (监视,观察),(3) 其它情况:on account of (由于,因为),later on (后来),from now/then on (从现在/那时起),We offered him our congratulations his passing thecollege entrance exams.A. atB.

15、onC.forD. ofA new school was _inthe village last yearA. held upB.setupC. sentupD.broughtup3常用的搭配活跃的名词常用的搭配较活跃的名词有:time, way, moment, means等。如time 的搭配短语在中学教材中出现有:behind the times (落伍),behind time (不及时,晚点),at one time (曾经),for a time (度), at other times (其它时候,平素),at times (有时候),at all times (一直,经常)in no time (立刻,马上),on time (按时), in time (及时、迟早),at a time (一次),If you keep on, you will succeed.A. in time B. at one time C. on time D. at the same timeDont all speak at once! ,please.A. Each at on time B. One by one timeC. One for each time

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