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1、2022年考博英语-昆明理工大学考试题库及模拟押密卷（含答案解析）1. 单选题Customers may also be permitted to（ ）their current accounts for a short period in anticipation of a credit item coming in.问题1选项A.overextendB.overdrawC.overvalueD.overpay【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项overextend“过分张开，过分扩展”；B选项overdraw“透支”；C选项overvalue“对估价过高，高估”；D选项overpay“付
2、款过多，多付报酬”。根据current accounts（往来账户）可知B选项符合语境。句意：客户如预知有一笔存入款项即将办理，也可短时期透支其往来账户。2. 单选题Although not an economist himself, Dr. Smith has long been a severe critic of the governments （ ）policies.问题1选项A.economicalB.economicC.economyD.economics【答案】B【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项economical“经济的，实惠的，节俭的”；B选项economic“经济上的，经济学
3、的，有利可图的”；C选项economy“经济，经济情况”；D选项economics“经济学”。空格处为形容词作定语修饰名词policies，B选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：史密斯博士本人虽然不是经济学家，但长期以来一直严厉批评政府的经济政策。3. 单选题Your advice would be（ ）valuable to him, who is now at a loss as to what to do first.问题1选项A.exceedinglyB.excessivelyC.extensivelyD.exclusively【答案】A【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项exceedingly“非常，
4、极其”；B选项excessively“过度地”；C选项extensively“广大地，广泛地”；D选项exclusively“唯一地”。根据valuable（很重要的，宝贵的）可知A选项最为恰当，表示“非常有价值”。句意：你的建议对他非常有价值，因为他现在不知道该先做什么。4. 单选题Consumers deprived of the information and advice they needed were quite simply（ ）every cheat in the marketplace.问题1选项A.in lieu ofB.for the price ofC.by court
5、esy ofD.at the mercy of【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项in lieu of“代替”；B选项for the price of“以为代价”；C选项by courtesy of“由于的作用，蒙的好意” ；D选项at the mercy of“完全由支配，任由摆布”。由“Consumers deprived of the information and advice they needed（不了解他们需要的信息和建议的消费者）”和“cheat in the marketplace（市场上的欺诈）”可知D选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：不了解他们需要的信息和建议的消费者，只能任由市
6、场上的骗子摆布。5. 翻译题Read the following paragraph carefully and then translate it into English.为了成长，为了游历新的道路，人们需乐于去冒险，去面对未知，去接受会“失败”的可能性。当我们尝试一种新的存在方式时，如何看待自己对我们的成长能力至关重要。我们认为自己反应敏捷又有好奇心吗？如果那样，那么我们会抓住更多机会，会对陌生的经历更敞开心扉。我们认为自己害羞而优柔寡断吗？那么我们的胆怯感会使我们犹豫不决、行动缓慢，直到我们确信安全才会更进一步。【答案】In order to grow, to travel new r
7、oads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to ta
8、ke more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think were shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe.6. 单选题The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everyb
9、ody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (
10、facts).Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses and
11、theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions the scientist continues to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited. The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and
12、the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable, he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy.Ac
13、tually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposes, for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products. In t
14、his case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science.Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have antici
15、pated that their findings would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago, however one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries, they know from
