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1、2022年考博英语-吉林大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 单选题（ ）this, everything is order.问题1选项A.ExceptB.BesidesC.Except forD.but【答案】C【解析】考查语法知识。这个题主要考查except 和except for 的用法。二者均表示“除 以外”。Except 后面接的词与主语一般是同类型；except for 后接的词与句子主语不是同类。从题目中可以分析出前后不是同一种类的事物，所以选项C符合题意。2. 单选题He was fired because he was（ ） late for work.问题1选项A.oc
2、casionallyB.consistentlyC.presentlyD.weekly【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。occasionally “偶尔”；consistently “一贯地”；presently “不久，一会儿”；weekly “每周一次”。句意：他被解雇了，因为他上班总是迟到。选项B符合题意。3. 单选题Most of the leading food shops have promised to（ ） prices until after the new year.问题1选项A.keep offB.keep downC.keep outD.keep back【答案】B【
3、解析】考查动词词组辨析。keep off “让开，不接近”；keep down “控制，缩减”；keep out “阻止进入”；keep back “留下；隐瞒；阻止”。句意：大部分大食品商店都承诺在新年之前保持低价。选项B符合题意。4. 单选题By 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excita
4、tion threshold, and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.Near the turn of the century, it had been suggested by Hering that different modes of sensation, such as pain, taste
5、, and color, might be correlated with the discharge of specific kinds of nervous energy. However, subsequently developed methods of recording and analyzing nerve potentials failed to reveal any such qualitative diversity. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences
6、 among neuron types; however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits. Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved
7、, the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view, namely, that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as “common currency” throughout the nervous system. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determin
8、es the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge, and there is some evidence for this view. In one experiment, when an electric stimulus was applied to a given sensory field of the cerebral cortex of a conscious human subject, it
9、 produced a sensation of the appropriate modality for that particular locus, that is, a visual sensation from the visual cortex, an auditory sensation form the auditory cortex, and so on. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve
10、cells, but as far as psychoneural correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.However, cortical locus, in itself, turned out to have little explanatory value. Studies showed that sensations
11、 as diverse as those of red, black, green and white, or touch, cold, warmth, movement, pain, posture, and pressure apparently may arise to through activation ofthe same cortical areas. What seemed to remain was some kind of differential patterning effects in the brain excitation it is the difference
12、 in the central distribution of impulses that counts. In short, brain theory suggested a correlation between mental experience and the activity of relatively homogeneous nerve-cell units conducting essentially homogeneous impulses through homogeneous cerebral tissue. To match the multiple dimensions
13、 of mental experience psychologists could only point to a limitless variation in the spatiotemporal patterning of nerve impulses.1.The author suggests that, by 1950, attempts to correlate mental experience with brain processes would probably have been viewed with（ ） .2.The author mentions “common cu
14、rrency” in line 12 primarily in order to emphasize the（ ）3.The description in lines 15-17 of an experiment in which electric stimuli were applied to different sensory fields of the cerebral cortex tends to support the theory that（ ）.4.Which of the following best summarizes the authors opinion of the
15、 suggestion that different areas of the brain determine perceptions produced by sensory nerve impulses?（ ）5.It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following exhibit the LEAST qualitative variation?（ ）问题1选项A.indignationB.impatienceC.pessimismD.indifference问题2选项A.lack of differentiation among nerve impulses in human beingsB.similarity of the sensations that all human beings experienceC.similarities in the views of scientists who have studied the human nervous systemD.continuous passage of nerve impulses through the nervous system问题3选项A.the simple presence of different co
