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1、Because 和 for 的用法不同之处1, 作为原因状语，because-分句位置灵活，而for-分句只可在主句之后The doctor looks tired and sleepy because he sat up all night with the patient.The doctor looks tired and sleepy, for he sat up all night with the patient.2, 由because引导的原因状语分句可以单独用来回答why-问句，而for-分句不行-Why does the doctor look so tired and sl
2、eepy?-Because he sat up all night with the patient.3，作为原因状语，because-分句可在because前带否定词或其他修饰语，还可带某些并列连 词，而for-分句不可以The doctor looks tired and sleepy not because he isnt feeling well, but because he sat up all night with the patient.4，作为原因状语，because-分句可作分裂句中心成分，而for-分句不行It is because he sat up all night
3、 with the patient that the doctor looks tired and sleepy.5，连词for可以引导一个句子，为上文陈述的情况说明原因或提供理由，而because-分句 通常引导从属分句，除用以回答why-问句外不单独出现When I saw her in the river, I was frightened. For at that point the currents were dangerous.在because，since，as这三个从属连词中，以because语势最强，since次之，as又次之。Because 通常表示“新信息”即一种未知的原因
4、，而since/as则表示已知原因。由于since/as分句通 常表示已知原因，所以常常出现在句首，这也是它们与for-分句用法上不同的地方。Though和although同义，在一般情况下可以互换。但although比though语气强烈，常用以 强调让步概念He insisted on doing it although I wanted him not to.当让步分句指一种臆想的情况时，通常用 thoughThough all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.Though everybody de
5、sert you, I will not.引导某些让步状语分句通常也只能用thoughDifficult though the task was, they managed to complete it in time.Clever though he was, he failed the exam.Hes welcome to come with us, it wont be too much of a strain for him to walk so far.A, provided B. as if C. unless D. since有些动词ing或ed形式可以用做连词，引导原因、条件
6、或让步状语分句，如seeing that（鉴 于，由于），considering that，providing that，provided that（假如，以 为条件），supposing that （假如），given that （以为条件），granted， granting that （假使），在许多情况下，that是 不出现的。一些常见缩略语2G 2nd Generation Mobile Communications System 第二代移动通信系统3G，3GMS 3rd Generation Mobile Communications System 第三代移动通信系统3GPP 3r
7、d Generation Partnership Project 第三代合作组织AAA Authentication, Authorization, Accounting 鉴权、授权、计费ANSI American National Standard Institute 美国国家标准组织ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息交换标准码ASP Application Server Process 应用服务器进程ASP Access Service Provider 接入服务提供商ATM Asynchronous
8、Transfer Mode 异步传输模式BIOS Basic Input Output System 基本输入输出系统CDMA Code Division Multiple Access 码分多址接入CPU Central Processing Unit 中央处理器ADSL asymmetrical digital subscriber line 非对称数字用户线路APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation 亚太经济全作组织ATM Automated teller machine 自动提款机BBS Aulletin board service 电子公告牌服务C
9、D Compact disc 激光唱片CD-ROM Compact disc read-only memory 只读光盘CPA Certified public accountant 注册会计师DNA deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸DVD digital video disc 数字激光视盘GDP gross domestic product 国内生产总值GNP gross national product 国民生产总值GPS global positioning system 全球定位系统GRE Graduate Record Examination （ 美 国 等
10、国 家 ） 研 究 生 入 学 资 格 考 试 OPEC organization of the Petroleum Exporting Country 石油输出 国组织RAM random-access memory 随机存取存储器ROM read-only memory 只读存储器SCI science citation index 科学引文索引SOHO Small office, home office 居家办公TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language 托福（美国对非英语国家留学生的英语考试） WAP Wireless Access Prot
11、ocol 无线接入协议WAP Wireless Application Protocol 无线应用协议IGO inter-government organization 政府间国际组织LNG liquified natural gas 液化天然气LPG liquified petroleum gas 液化石油气“失业” 新说career change opportunity chemical change transitioned outplacement work force imbalance correction vocational relocation indefinite idli
12、ng executive cutting force reductionpersonal surplus reduction reducing headcount redundancy elimination release selective separation coerced transition involuntary separation negotiated departure voluntary severance voluntary terminationdecruitment degrowing dehiring deselection downsizingrightsizi
13、ng（调整规模）schedule adjustment skill-mix adjustment work force adjustmentbag e.g. Just say the boss was willing to bag him.Give somebody the bag 解雇某人；拒绝某人求婚Do somebody out of the jobPay somebody off 发清工资后解雇；算帐走人Any more of this and Ill pay off the whole bunch of you. Get the birdThis situation can only
14、 lead to your catching later trains and getting the bird at the office. Be put downThe manager has been put down for misconduct.Be forced out of officeWalking ticket ( walking papers; pink slip)Two baseball veterans got their walking ticket today.Walking orders Marching orders Walk the plank Rostows
15、 deputy walks the plank; Rostow hangs in.Explusion 赶出或赶走；开除 BounceBumpGet the hookJust when he thought he was doing so well, he got the hook.Give someone his running shoesWhen he objected to the new policy they gave him his running shoes. Brush-off 解雇，尤指用粗暴的方式Layoff tie a can to (on) someoneBe struck off the rolls 开除He will certainly be struck off the rolls if this conduct continues.Bust out 因成绩不佳而被学校开除Oust sb from a firmousterErase ones name from the listBe excommunicated forBe relieved of ones postCut down the number of persons employedReduce the staff 汉语新词译例There is no mathematics without
