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1、 老人与海象征主义探究学生姓名： 学生学号： 院（系）： 年级专业： 指导教师： The Inquiry of the Symbolism inThe Old Man and the Sea ContentsAbstractKey Words.摘要.关键词.Introduction.1.Introduction to the Background.2. The Symbolism in the Works.3A. The Definition of Symbolism.3B. Major Symbols in The Old Man and the sea.41. The Old Manthe
2、 Best Expression to “the Unyielding Character” .42. The Boythe Best Supplement for “the Unyielding Character”.63. The Seathe Symbol of Hemingways Survival Environment.74. The SharkA Powerful Deputy of the Evil Force.95. The Marlinthe Symbol of Achievement.106. Other Symbolical Factors.11III. Hemingw
3、ays Philosophy of Life Reflected by the Symbols in The Old Man and the Sea.12A. Hemingways Philosophy of Life in The Old Man and the Sea.12B. Hemingways Attitude towards the Society Reflected through the Symbol of the Sea. 13C. Hemingways Attitude towards the Enemy Reflected through the Symbol of th
4、e Shark.13D. Hemingways Attitude towards the Achievements Reflected through the Symbol of the Marline.14Conclusion.15Acknowledgements.16Notes.17Bibliography.18 AbstractThe Old Man and the Sea, praised by a famous writer as “the most excellent simple article in this generation”, is a masterpiece of t
5、he unyielding manHemingway. But with regard to the symbolism, it has been talked differently, and was equivocal in the explanation by Hemingway himself. The Protagonist, the living environment, the sea, the Shark, the Marlin are not themselves but have significant symbolical meaning. Here the author
6、 will analyze its symbolism thoroughly through some aspects such as the leading character，the living environment and Hemingways philosophy of life reflected by the symbols, with a view to help the reader get a better understanding of Ernest Hemingways masterpieceKey WordsErnest Hemingway; the symbol
7、ic factors; iceberg theory; the living environment； philosophy of life 摘要被威谦、福克纳誉为“这代人最优秀的一个单篇”的老人与海是硬汉子海明威的力作，而对于老人与海的象征主义，评论界各执已见，海明威本人的解释也模棱两可。而小说中主人翁桑提亚哥和生存环境、大海、鲨鱼、小孩等角色实际上并非角色本身，表面上简单的角色及故事情节有着深刻的象征意义，所以笔者希望从文章的主人公、其生存环境等各个方面对其象征主义进行剖析、总结和归纳老人与海的象征手法以及海明威的人生观在各象征因素中的体现,以期能帮助读者更好地理解这部作品。 关键词海明威
8、；象征因素；冰山原理; 生存环境; 人生观 IntroductionRegarded as a giant both in American literature and the world literature, Ernest Hemingway was born on July21, 1898, at Oak Park, Illinois. In the childhood, influenced by his father, Hemingway was interested in music, pictures, hunting, fishing and the like.His var
9、iety of interest, especially the love of fishing extremely affected all his life and he drew much writing inspiration from his fishing experience. Taking adventures also plays a vital role in his life and for the reason that he experienced the two world wars. As a noticeable representative of the “L
10、ost Generation”, Hemingway published the books of this sort, The Sun Also Rises at the age of 26. Because the book chiefly deals with the living attitude of the post-war generation, especially the lives of those wounded soldiers and the loneliness and disillusionment of the modern people whose ideal
11、 was shattered at the time when “God is dead”, they thought life was nothing and meaningless. In this case, Hemingway became the spokesperson for the The Lost Generation.Actually the parable of a mans struggle against the nature, The Old Man and The Sea was published in 1952. Acknowledged as his bes
12、t works, the novel reinvigorated Hemingways literary reputation after the violent attacks，he received from Across the River and Into the Tress. The positive reaction that followed the novel included praise not only from the reviewers but also from a board spectrum of the mass, from ordinary readers
13、to fellow men of letters. The publishing of this work showed that Hemingway had shown he could still achieve a major triumph, whether or not the reviewers and critics or the public could appreciate the true value of his achievement. The Old Man and the Sea was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 and Hemingways famous iceberg technique, which is a simple but highly suggestive style, was v
