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1、2022年考博英语-西南交通大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The disease was kept under control （ ） early diagnosis and treatment.问题1选项A.for virtue ofB.on virtue withC.by virtue ofD.in virtue with【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配。四个选项中，只有C项by virtue of是固定搭配，表示 “由于，凭借”。句意：由于早期诊断和治疗，这个疾病得到了控制。因此C项符合句意。2. 单选题He pointed out that the living
2、 standard of urban and （ ） people continued to improve.问题1选项A.remoteB.municipalC.ruralD.provincial【答案】C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。选项A:remote “偏僻的，疏远的”；选项B：municipal “市政的，地方自治的”;选项C： rural “农村的，乡下的”；选项D：provincial “省的，地方性的”。由句意可知此处表述的是城乡居民，因此使用固定搭配urban and rural people “城乡居民”更符合题意，所以选项C为正确选项。句意：他指出，城乡居民的生活水平不断提高
3、。3. 单选题In the early 20th century, few things were more appealing than the promise of scientific knowledge. In a world struggling with rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem. Newly created state colleges and universities devoted themselves al
4、most entirely to scientific, technological, and engineering fields. Many Americans came to believe that scientific certainty could not only solve scientific problems, but also reform politics, government, and business. Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that s
5、cientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. After World War II, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. American scholars fanned out across much of the world with s
6、upport from the Ford Foundation, the Fulbright program, etc. to promote the teaching of literature and the arts in an effort to make the case for democratic freedoms.In the America of our own lime, the great educational challenge has become an effort to strengthen the teaching of what is now known a
7、s the STEM disciplines （science, technology, engineering, and math）. There is considerable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines. India, China. Japan and other regions seem to be seizing technological lea
8、dership.At the same time, perhaps inevitably, the humanities while still popular in elite colleges and universities have experienced a significant decline. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves. Humani
9、sts are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members at most institutions and are often lightly regarded because they do not generate grant income and because they provide no obvious credentials （资质）for most nonacademic careers.Undoubtedly American education should train more scientists and enginee
10、rs. Much of the concern among politicians about the state of American universities today is focused on the absence of “real world” education which means preparation for professional and scientific careers. But the idea that institutions or their students must decide between humanities and science is
11、 false. Our society could not survive without scientific and technological knowledge. But we would be equally impoverished （贫困的）without humanistic knowledge as well. Science and technology teach us what we can do. Humanistic thinking helps us understand what we should do.It is almost impossible to i
12、magine our society without thinking of the extraordinary achievements of scientists and engineers in building our complicated world. But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. We have always needed, and we still need, both.1.In the ear
13、ly 20th century Americans believed science and technology could（ ）.2.Why did many American scholars become enthusiastic about humanistic studies after World War II?3.Why are American scholars worried about education today?4.What accounts for the significant decline in humanistic studies today?5.Why
14、does the author attach so much importance to humanistic studies?问题1选项A.solve virtually all existing problemsB.help raise peoples living standardsC.quicken the pace of industrializationD.promote the nations social progress问题2选项A.They wanted to improve their own status within the current education sys
15、tem.B.They believed the stability of a society depended heavily on humanistic studies.C.They could get financial support from various foundations for humanistic studies.D.They realized science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world.问题3选项A.The STEM subjects are too challenging for students to learn.B.Some Asian countries have overtaken America in basic sciences.C.America is lagging behind in the STEM disciplines.D.There are not enough scholars in humanistic studies.问题4选项A.Insufficient fundingB.Shortage of devoted facultyC.Shrinking enrollmentD.Dim prospects for grad
