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1、5.篇章结构题A(2019东北三校模拟)话题：生态旅游难度：建议用时：7分AccordingtotheInternationalEcotourismSociety，ecotravelis“responsibletraveltonaturalareasthatprotectstheenvironment，maintainsthewellbeingsandinvolveseducation”Ecotravelisontherise，asmoreandmorepeoplebecomeconsciousabouttheircarbonfootprint.ExpertfromBoundlessJourn
2、eys，MattHolmes，whoworksontravelexperiencestowardsconservingareassaid，“Asscientistsandnonscientistslearnmoreabouthowwehumanbeingsareimpactingtheplanet，Ithinkmorepeoplewanttodowhattheycanwhilestillexploringtheworld.Ourguestsaredefinitelyinterestedinthataspectofourjourneys.Travelerscanfarmtheirownfoodi
3、nItaly，managingtheiruseofwaterandusingsolarorwindpower.TheycanalsovisitafamilyruncampthatcaresforretiredloggingelephantsinMyanmar，knowaparkentryfeegoestoaconservationorganizationinCostaRica，employandtrainmembersofthelocalcommunityorpartnerwithaprotectiongroup.Therearelotsofoptionsforseekingoutgreene
4、rholiday.”Mostpeoplebelievethatecotravelisexpensiveanditistrue.Mattexplained“Antipoachingpatrols (反猎捕小队) needtobepaid，solarenergyequipmentcostsalottoinstall，buildingwithenvironmentallyfriendlymaterialsismoreexpensiveandsoon.Theextracostisnecessary，asyourepayingtominimizeyourfootprintandprotectthepla
5、cesyouvisit，whichisexactlywhatecotravelisabout.Thefinancialsuccessandsustainability (可持续性) ofanecofocusedoperationdoesntcomefromthinair.”Theindustryistryingtomakeecotravelaffordableandmakeitaccessibletothecommonpeople.1Whatisthepositiveinfluenceofecofriendlytravel?AItenablestravelerstoprotecttheenvi
6、ronmentwhiletraveling.BItkeepshumanbeingshealthyandhappyinafriendlyatmosphere.CItteachesustoberesponsibleforthedevelopmentofeconomy.DItofferssomevaluableeducationabouttheknowledgeofgardening.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段“AccordingtotheInternationalEcotourismSociety，ecotravelisresponsibletraveltonaturalareasthatp
7、rotectstheenvironment，maintainsthewellbeingsandinvolveseducation”可知，环保旅游的积极影响是它使旅行者在旅行时保护环境，故选A。2AccordingtoMattHolmes，travelerswillbeinterestedin.AeatingdeliciousfoodinItalyBvisitingelephantsinthezooCworkingtogetherwithaprotectiongroupDraisingparkentryfeeinCostaRica答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段“Ourguestsaredefi
8、nitelyinterestedinthataspectofourjourneys.”以及“employandtrainmembersofthelocalcommunityorpartnerwithaprotectiongroup.”可知据马特福尔摩斯所说，旅行者将有兴趣与一个保护组织合作，故选C。3Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthenextparagraphofthepassage?AWhyecotravelisexpensive.BHowwecanmakeecotravellessexpensive.CWhatmaterialsareusedinecotr
9、avel.DWherewecangoforecotravel.答案B解析篇章结构题。根据最后一段最后一句“Theindustryistryingtomakeecotravelaffordableandmakeitaccessibletothecommonpeople.”可推断出，接下来会谈论如何降低生态旅游的成本，故选B。B(2019江苏如皋模拟)话题：彩虹色的作用难度：建议用时：8分Agooddisguisekeepsyouhidden，right? Well，sometimesthebestdisguiseisactuallythemostdazzlingbecauseresearchre
10、vealsthatflashymetalliciridescence(金属彩虹色) canvisuallypuzzlepredators(捕食者)，whichallowscolorfulpreytosurviveanotherday.ThosesurprisingresultsappearinthejournalScientificReports.Shiningiridescentcolor，whichchangesdependingontheanglefromwhichitsviewed，isfavoredbyeverythingfrombirdstobeetlesandblossomsto
11、butterflies.“Andinourresearchgroupweareofcourseinterestedinwhythisvividmetalliccolorissowidespreadinnature.”KarinKjernsmooftheUniversityofBristoladdsthatinsomecasestheshowysplashesoflightareasexualstrategy.“HereIwouldliketopointoutthatinsomespecies，particularlythosethatdisplaystrongsexualdimorphism(
12、雌雄两性)，suchasbirdsofparadiseorsomebutterfliesorfishes，theoccurrenceofiridescenceismostlikelydrivenbysexualselection.Forexample，inmanyofthesecasesitisthemalesthathavethesevividiridescentcolorsandtheyusetheminmatechoiceortheyusethemasasignaltoattractmates.”Butiridescencealsoshowsupinsituationswhererepr
13、oductionisnotanissue.“Sowhatwearestudyingnowiswhethernaturalselectionimposedbypredation(捕食行为) couldexplaintheoccurrenceofiridescenceinpreyanimals.”Theideathateyecatchingcolorscouldbeusedasacoverupisntanewone.“Thefatherofcamouflagetheory，AbbottThayer，reallybelievedthatiridescenceshouldbecategorizedas
14、acamouflagestrategy.AndhewroteinhisfamouslifeworkConcealingColorationintheAnimalKingdom，alreadyin1909，thatbrilliantlychangeableormetalliccolorsareamongthestrongestfactorsinananimalsconcealmentAndthissoundslikeacompletelyunreasonablethingtosay，becausehowcancolorsthatarebothbrilliantandchangeablecontr
15、ibutetoanimalsconcealment？”“Inasimilarway，wewereaskingwhetheriridescence，duetoitschangeability，couldworkasaformofcamouflagebypreventingshaperecognition.”Kjernsmoandhercolleaguestrainedbumblebeestoassociateaparticularshapeacircleoranovalwithasugarreward.Andtheyfoundthatthebees，whengivenachoice，wouldp
16、referentiallyvisittheshapetheyknewtobesweet.Butwhentheshapeswereiridescent，thebeeshadtroubletellingthemapart.“Itseemedthatthestrikinglyiridescentsurfacesonourtargetsvisuallybrokeuptheotherwiserecognizableshapeofthetargets，whichmadethemhardtodistinguish.”Asformakinguseofthismethodforhidinginplainsight，“Anypracticalapplicationsisofcoursedirectlylinked
