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1、一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的 24 个常用动词afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 ask to do sth. 要求做某事 beg to do sth. 请求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事 choose to do sth. 决定做 某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 determine to do sth. 决心做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 fear to do
2、sth. 害怕做某事 help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做 某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 promise to do sth. 答应做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 wish to do sth. 希望做某事注：有些不及物动
3、词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：aim to do sth. 打算做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 long to do sth. 渴望做某事 happen to do sth. 碰 巧做某事 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事跟介词搭配的不及物动词count on 依靠 embark on 上路 gamble on 以打赌 insist on 坚持 rely on 依靠theorize on 对 推理，对 建立理论 harp on 老提至U calculate on扌旨望，依靠 concentrate o
4、n 集中到 depend on依靠reckon on盼望，指望 account for说明，解释 answer for回答 apologize for 为道歉 suffer for 为受苦 pay for 为付钱 look for 寻找 atone for 补偿，赔偿make up for 补偿 stand for 代表compensate for 补偿 abstain from 有意回避，弃权 desist from 停止 refrain from 抑制，忍住 shrink from 回避 suffer from 受苦，患病 benefit from 获益于 flinch from 退缩 e
5、scape from 从逃开 approve of 同意 boast of 吹牛 consist of 由组成 despair of 失望 dream of 梦想做某事 repent of 忏悔，懊悔 believe in 相信persevere in 坚持revel in 陶醉，着迷于succeed in 在某方面成功 delightin 为高兴 join in 加入 participate in 参加 persist in 坚持 specialize in 专门从事某事 在某方面专长aim at瞄准于chafe at恼怒，不满frown at向皱眉头scowl at沉下脸，对皱眉 laug
6、h at 嘲笑 smile at 向微笑 work at 从事于，用功于 look at 看着attend to 参加 certify to 证明 allude to 暗示 confess to 承认 descend to 下降 到 object to 反对 react to 对某事作出反应refer to提到 resort to 求助，采用 see to检查submit to提交testify to表明，说明turn to转向fall to下跌，减弱在英语错误中，“及物动词+介词+宾语(transitive verb+preposition+object),是常见的一种。所 谓及物动词，就是
7、谓语动词(predicative verb)，不必通过介词引荐宾语。相反的，不及物动词(intransitive verb)是不带宾语的。有许多动词，虽然性质是及物的，但不一定要有宾语，如下列的和a便是这 种情形： a. We study every day. a. We study every day.b. Do you study English every day. a. Please write clearly n ext 廿 me.b. Can you write your composition now? 如果本质上就是不及物动词，就不会有宾语；若要宾语，就要借介词之助，一起连用才
8、行(不及物动 词+宾语+介词)，如b和b;a和a是错的；*3a. The childre n are liste ning the music.b. The children are listening to the music.*a. She is laugh ing the crippled man.b. She is laughing at the crippled man.反之，及物动词不必靠介词，就可以带宾语，如上述的b和b，又如和： John is giving a book to me. Who will answer this question? 如果无意中把介词加上，就错了，
9、如：* Who will answer to this question? 下列这句从房地产广告中看到的句子，也犯了同样的错：“We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.”“Awaiting”是个及物动词，后面的介词“or”是多余的，要去掉；不然把“awaiting”改为“waiting for也行。许多人习惯上喜欢把介词加到及物动词后面，然后才带出宾语。最常见的是“ emphasize/stress on/upon” 和 “discuss about，女口： Singaporeans seem to have emphasiz
10、ed on material gains. In our education system, we stress upon examination results. World leaders spent a lot of time discussing about worsening economic problems. 显然的，这三句里的介词“on/upon和“about”是多余的，不必要的。下面是些类似的错误： The young must obey to their elders. Do not approach to that odd-looking man. The audienc
11、e attacked on the rude speaker. Nothing can escape from his parents eyes. Do you hope to serve for your nation? When did Susan marry with Paul?介词“to, on, from, for, with都要去掉才对。 为什么会有这些错误呢？主因是分不清楚及物动词和不及物动词的性质。其次，就是对同一个动词 及其名词的句型有些混淆。解决之道有二。第一，要把“及物动词宾语”和“不及物动词介词宾 语”划分清楚，如：I did not answer him./ I di
12、d not reply to him.He reached Londan yesterday./ He arrived in London yesterday. 第二，把及物动词转化为名词，然后加上适当的介词和宾语，如： Dont approach such a person.Is oral practice a good approach to language teaching?when, while, as 的用法区别三者可表示“当时候”，区别如下：(1) 若主句表示的是一个短暂性动作，从句表示的是一个持续性动作，三者都可用：He fell asleep when while, as h
13、e was reading. 他看书时睡着了。【注】as用于引出一个持续性动词表示“在期间”时，其谓语通常只能是那些含有动作(action) 和发展(development)意味的动词，一般不能是那些不用于进行时态的动词(如be, seem, love, want, agree, see, know, have 等)，所以下面一句中的 while 不能换为 as：A： Im going to the post office. 我要去邮局。B： While youre there, can you get me some stamps? 当你在邮局时，能帮我买几张邮票吗?(2) 若主、从句表示两
14、个同时进行的持续性动作，且强调主句表示的动作延续到从句所指的整个时 间，通常要用 while：Dont talk while youre eating. 吃饭时不要说话。I kept silent while he was writing. 在他写的时候，我默不作声。但是，若主从句表示的两个同时进行的动作含有“一边一边”之意思，通常用as：She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。(3) 若从句是一个短暂性动作，主句是一个持续性动作，可用 as / when 但不用 while：It was raining hard when as we arrived. 我们到达时
15、正下着大雨。(4) 若主从句表示的是两个同时(或几乎同时)发生的短暂性动作，用 as / when：I thought of it just when as you opened your mouth. 就在你要说的时候，我也想到了。(5) 若要表示两个正在发展变化的情况，相当于汉语的“随着”，一般用 as：Things are getting better and better as time goes on. 随着时间的推移，情况越来越好。As it grew darker, it became colder. 天色越晚，天气越冷。表示“每当的时候”(暗示一种规律性)，一般要用when：Its cold when it snows. 下雪时天冷。He smiles when you praise him. 你夸奖他时他总是笑笑。(7) 若主从句所表示的动作不是同时发生，而是有先后顺序时，一般要用 when：I will go home when he comes back. 他回来时，我就回家去。(8) when可用作并列连词，表示“这时(突然)”；while也可以用作并列连词，表示“而”、“却”(表示 对比)；但 as 则没有类似用法：We were about to start when it
