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1、外研版英语精品资料（精修版）Section Grammar & Writing转化与派生阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法1Her expression changed when she heard the news.2Older people sometimes find it hard to accept changes.3This information began to raise questions in her mind about Jacks innocence.4I dont think its fair to question his motives just because
2、he disagrees with you.5When you go through a forest，you are in danger.Thats because there are lots of dangerous animals in it.英语中的构词法有三种：转化、合成和派生。转化：单词拼写不变，词性变化。如doubt，face等。合成：由两词或多词合成另一个单词。如classroom，shopkeeper等。派生：通过在一个词的词前加前缀或在一个词的词尾加后缀构成另一个单词。如impossible，helpful，highly等。本单元主要讲解转化与派生这两种构词法。一、转化定
3、义：不添加任何成分，不改变词形，把一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种词性的方法。常见转化如下：1名词动词(1)许多表示事物的名词可以用作动词来表示动作。This hall can seat two thousand people.这座大厅能容纳两千人。(2)一些表示身体部位的名词可用作动词。Hand in your papers please.请把你们的试卷交上来。(3)一些表示某类人的名词可用作动词。He soldiered in America in his youth.他年轻时在美国当过兵。(4)一些抽象名词可用作动词。More than 1,000 workers stormed into
4、 the senate building.一千多名工人冲进了参议院大楼。2形容词动词correct adj(正确的)v.改正dirty adj.脏的v.(使)变脏dry adj.干燥的v.(使)变干empty adj.空的v.倒空free adj.自由的v.释放narrow adj.狭窄的v.(使)变窄slow adj.缓慢的v.(使)减速3动词名词dress v(给)穿衣服n.连衣裙dream v做梦n.梦look v看；寻找n.神色；表情love v爱，喜欢n.爱；爱人plant v种植n.植物，工厂smell v闻到n.气味study v学习；研究n.学习；研究；书房swim v游泳n.
5、游泳try v尝试n.尝试work v工作n.工作4形容词名词chemical adj.化学的n.化学品daily adj.每天的n.日报final adj.最后的n.决赛native adj.当地的n.当地人quiet adj.安静的n.宁静；平静total adj.总的n.总数5副词形容词enough adv.足够地adj.足够的daily adv.每天adj.每天的二、派生1在一个词的词根(root)前面或后面加上某个词缀来产生新词，这种构词法称为派生(derivation)。加在前面的词缀叫前缀(prefix)，加在后面的词缀叫后缀(suffix)。词缀类别特点词义例词前缀通常不改变词
6、性意义改变agree(v.)同意disagree(v.)不同意后缀一般改变词性词义改变不大，但否定意义后缀除外health(n.)健康healthy(adj.)健康的care(n.)小心careless(adj.)粗心的2.常见后缀分类如下：iveactactive活跃的inventinventive有发明才能的ficterrifyterrific可怕的orypreparepreparatory预备的able(ible)eateatable可食用的movemovable可移动的creditcredible可信的fulcarecareful小心的beautybeautiful美丽的yrainra
7、iny下雨的sunsunny晴朗的healthhealthy健康的ousdangerdangerous危险的famefamous著名的lesscarecareless粗心的hopehopeless没有希望的thfourfourth第四fivefifth第五nineninth第九teenthreethirteen 十三fivefifteen十五tythreethirty三十fourforty四十fold(表示倍数)twotwofold两倍的；双重的tentenfold十倍的；十重的ertalltaller更高的happyhappier更快乐的esttalltallest最高的happyhappi
8、est最快乐的erneasteastern东方的northwestnorthwestern西北方的wardupupward向上southsouthward向南backbackward向后homehomeward回家的skyskyward向天空，向上enwoodwooden木制的woolwool(l)en羊毛制的ic(ical)romanceromantic罗曼蒂克的；浪漫的artartistic艺术的sciencescientific科学的historyhistorical历史的somelonelonesome孤独的troubletroublesome麻烦的lyfriendfriendly朋友
9、般的；友好的womanwomanly如女人的roughroughly粗糙地sadsadly悲伤地.单句语法填空1_(hope)，I shall have finished my work by December.2The lake is famous for its_(beauty)scenery.3Jane played the violin_(wonder)last night.4The more the young students worked，the more _(energy)they became.5The accident happened on a _(rain)mornin
10、g.【答案】1.Hopefully2.beautiful3.wonderfully4.energetic5.rainy.单句改错1He stood closely to me and watched what I was doing carefully._2We live in a comfortably double room with a big bath._3Some think online shopping is more convenient and the goods are cheap._4Eating well and exercising regularly can kee
11、p us health._5Lucy has become success in her career._【答案】fortablycomfortable3.cheapcheaper4.healthhealthy5.successsuccessful人物介绍的写作1概念人物介绍是对人物的生平、生活、精神等方面进行描述介绍，属于说明文。2内容安排(1)介绍要写的人物，描写其外貌，勾勒出人物个性化的特征、气质、性格等。(2)喜欢或崇拜这个人物的原因以及对作者的影响。3语言特征(1)遵循真实性原则，客观描述。(2)简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。亮点句式1She is famous as a/
12、an.2She is such a learned person that we all admire her very much.3Her wonderful career inspires many people to believe that success and happiness in life are within reach for everyone.4She set a good example to us.5Despite the fact that.，he devoted himself to.6He put all of his time and effort into
13、.7Being a child/As a child/When young.8The reason why.is that.9I would like to recommend that.10Absorbed in his work，he is.写作任务请根据下面的提示，写一篇介绍篮球明星科比的短文，内容需要包括所有要点提示，但不要逐句翻译。注意作文内容连贯。要点提示：科比(Kobe Bryant)是乔(Joe Bryant)的独子，而乔原来也是一名专业篮球运动员。生日1978年8月23日球队洛杉矶湖人队位置得分后卫成就1996年，科比布莱恩特高中毕业直接进入NBA 20072008赛季获MVP(最有价值球员)称号，且使湖人重回巅峰。作为乔丹之后最完美的得分后卫，2006年他单场得到81分，下一年又连续四场得分超过50。作为奥尼尔的助手，他
