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1、初中英语阅读理解的解题技巧阅读理解也是中考英语题的必考题目之一，本题型旨在考查学生阅读，理解的能力，几年来，中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新，题材丰富，考查学生综合推 断能力，根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大，也考查学生关注细节的能力。 所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思，在细节题上丢分，要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够，在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。那么到底怎么做好 阅读理解这一题型呢？我将从以下三个方面谈论这个问题：一、解题思路（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有 的放矢。（二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视
2、一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想， 这样全文大 意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特 别注意以下几点：1 抓住四个W和一个H，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What （事件），When （时间），Where （地点），Why（原因），How（经过）戈U出来。抓住了四个“ W和一个“ H,就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。2 抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有 因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。 这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了
3、解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻 辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。3. 注意领会文章的寓意。4 .根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。 对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费 时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排 除。常用的解题方法有如下几种： 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线 索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出 正确答案。题干中有suggest,
4、con elude, con clusi on, probably,reas on,because, accordi ng to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词 或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转 换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用 排除法得出正确答案。四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再 将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思
5、想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系， 目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。二、题型分类 初中英语阅读理解往往有以下三大题型，抓住它的解法和思路，就可以顺利做好这些题目：（一）选择符合文章的选项（二）判断正误（三）根据文章内容回答问题，现今该题型归纳在任务型阅读中，此处不做详解。典型例题分析（一）根据内容，从短文后每题的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。Mr Brown first went to look at the underground - fire whenhe was seven. Through the hole （洞）in the earth you cou
6、ld see the orange fire, but you had to look fast because it was so hot, said Mr Brown. In 1898, he saw the fire once mor（再一 次）.Now, we can only see the smoke. The fire Mr Brown saw is not the underground - fire. In fact, there are 260 coal （煤）fires in the world. They are harmful （有害）and dangerous. T
7、hen how to put them out?Scientists have tried to set（放置）fire to underground coal to speed up（加速）the fires. In this way, the burning（燃烧）of underground coal would be soon finished.（被烧完）。1. Mr Brow n first saw the un dergro und - fire.A. at the age of seve nB. seve n years oldC. in the year of 1898D. m
8、ore than （超过）80 years ago2. Mr Brown said that we had to take a fast look at the fire becauseA. it was in the holeB. it was very hotC. it was orangeD. it was harmful3. How many coal fires are there in the world?A. Theres only one. B. Its hard to say.C. There are 260. D. The article（文章）does nt tell u
9、s.4. What one of the best ways to put out（扌卜灭）the underground fire?A. To cover （覆盖）the holes with stones （石块）.B. To speed up the fires.C. To see the fires bur ning.D. To do some experime nts（试验）.5. What is the best title（标题）for the article?A. Watch ing the Un dergro und - Fire.B. A Way to Put Out th
10、e Coal Fires.C. The Bur ning Earth.D. Coal and Coal Fires.答案分析1. 在文章的第一段的第一句里可以找到依据。at the age of seven等于when hewas sever，故正确答案为A 。2 这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答案为B。3 这一题可以在第二段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答案为Co4 在文章的最后一段提到了扑灭火的最好方法，那就是使火加速燃烧。正确答 案为B。5完成这道题需作一定的归纳，因为文章中没有给出直接的回答。文章从MrBrown两次看火，然后说出地下火的危害，最后提出如何
11、灭火的方法。文章的前 两段是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫，如何灭火才是文章的中心。故正确答案为B。(二) 根据文章内容判断正误Fred telephoned his wife.“ I ve got two free tickets for the theatre tonight”he told her. “ Meet me outside the office. We II have something to eat and then go on to the theatre”Fred swife was very pleased. They hadnbeen to the theatre f
12、or a longtime. She met her husba nd as he told her. They had dinner and got to the theatre just in time.At the entrance Fred took out his wallet to get the tickets.“ It s verystrange” he said. “They arent here! ” “Try your pockets,” said his wife. But the tickets werentthere, either.The n Fred looke
13、d very embarrassed ( 尴尬).“ What s the matter? asked hiswife. “ Well, ” Fred said, “I remember what I did with my tickets. I put them in my bag. But because I wasftgo ing home, I left it in the office!”()1. One day, Fred was give n the ticketsfor the theatre.()2. Fred and his wife went to the theatre
14、 quite ofte n.()3. Fred wan ted to meet his wife in arestaura nt.()4. They reached the theatre n eitherlate nor early.()5. Then Fred could ntfi nd his tickets and remembered what he haddone with the tickets.答案分析：1、T 因为第一段中提到 Fred told his wife“ve got two free tickets ” “ee ”此处是免费的意思。2、F 第二段中提到 They
15、hadn been to the theaterfor a long time. ”3、F 第一段中 Fred 说 Meet me outside the office. ”4、T第二段中in time ”是及时的意思。5、T结尾处提到的。(三) 阅读下面短文，然后回答文后问题。Taking exams always makes me nervous. What about you? Here are some suggesti ons that my frie nd offers mePrepari ng for examsThe most important part of preparing for an exam is to know what to study. Review subjects youve spent a long time on during classesook through what you were asked to read and topics of essays and homework or ask your teachers to see if they can give a few suggestions Once yo
