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1、2022年考博英语-西南大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题There are still many countries where the death penalty is the（ ）against murder.问题1选项A.sanctionB.preventionC.frightD.threat【答案】A【解析】考察名词词义辨析。sanction “制裁，处罚”；prevention “预防，阻止”；fright “惊吓”；threat “威胁”。句意：仍然有许多国家将死刑作犯谋杀罪的处罚。选项A符合题意。2. 单选题If you （ ）someone, you f
2、orm a fixed general idea or image of them so that you assume that they will behave in a particular way.问题1选项A.assimilateB.simulateC.stereotypeD.subordinate【答案】C【解析】考察动词词义辨析。Assimilate “吸收，同化”； simulate “刺激”；stereotype “使成成规，使变得刻板”；subordinate “使从属，使服从”。句意：如果你用刻板的观点看别人，你脑海中就形成了他们的一个大题想法和形象，因此你就会认为他们的
3、一言一行都是按照特定的方式来的。选项C符合题意。3. 单选题We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it （ ）when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.问题1选项A.compactedB.dispersedC.delayedD.restricted【答案】D【解析】考察动词词义辨析。compacted “压缩；压紧”；dispersed “分散；传播”；delayed “延迟”；restricted “限制”。句意：我们都有自由选择权，不喜
4、欢在社会的法律和道德界限内看到自由被限制。选项D符合题意。4. 单选题Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things-physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used-that a culture produces. Examining a cultures tools and technology can tell us about the groups history and way of life. Similarly, research into the mate
5、rial culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture. The most vivid body of “things” in it, of course, are musical instrument. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for impor
6、tant information about music-cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments, pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music
7、from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments on the symphony orchestra.Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music-cultu
8、res as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research show mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulat
9、e people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole.Music is deep-rooted in the cultural background that fosters it. We now pay more and more attention to tradi
10、tional or ethnic features in folk music and are willing to preserve the folk music as we do with many traditional cultural heritages. Musicians all over the world are busy with recording classic music in their country for the sake of their unique culture. As always, peoples aspiration will always fo
11、cus on their individuality rather than universal features that are shared by all cultures alike.One more important part of musics material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, and television, with the future promising talking and s
12、inging computers and other developments. This is all part of the information-revolution, a twentieth century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modem nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the globe.1.Wh
13、ich of the following does not belong to material culture?2.The word phonograph (Line 6, Paragraph 1) most probably means （ ）.3.The main idea of the first paragraph is（ ）.4.Which of the following is NOT an advantage of printed music?5.From the third paragraph, we may infer that（ ）.问题1选项A.InstrumentsB
14、.Music.C.Paintings.D.Sheet music.问题2选项A.record playerB.radioC.musical techniqueD.music- culture问题3选项A.the importance, of cultural tools and technologyB.the cultural influence of the development of civilizationC.the focus of the study of the material culture of musicD.the significance of the research
15、 into the musical instruments问题4选项A.Reading of music notation has a great impact on musicians.B.People may draw inspiration from it.C.The music culture will be influenced by it in the end.D.Songs tend to be standardized by it.问题5选项A.traditional cultural heritage is worthy of preservationB.the universal features shared by all cultures arent worthy of notice.C.musicians pay more attention to the preservation of traditional music.D.the more developed a culture, the more valuable the music it has fost
