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1、2022年考博英语-郑州大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 翻译题Translate the following part into English.建设生态文明，是关系人民福祉、关于民族未来的长远大计。面对生态系统退化的严峻形势，我们必须树立尊重自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，把生态文明建设放在突出地位，融入经济建设、文化建设、社会建设各个方面和全过程，努力建设美丽中国， 实现中华民族的永续发展。【答案】Promoting ecological progress is a long-term task of vital importance to the peoples well
2、being and Chinas future. Faced with a deteriorating ecosystem, we must raise our ecological awareness of the need to respect and protect nature. We must give high priority to making ecological progress and incorporate it into all aspects and the whole process of advancing economic, cultural, and soc
3、ial progress, work hard to build a beautiful country, and achieve lasting and sustainable development of the Chinese nation.2. 单选题The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue
4、 or language of habitual（1）and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of specialization. This is, as it （2），his professional equipment (素养). （3）this, it is desirable that he should have an inquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly
5、 the basic（4）of new developments. He should be willing to work（5）his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult others（6）his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for pu
6、blication, should have more than a nodding（7）with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically .（8）an information translator, let us say, for an industrial company, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to （9）rapidly from one source language to another, as well as
7、 from one subject-matter to another,（10）this ability is frequently（11）of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translators work, i.e. the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking,（12）that he should be to speak the languages he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it
8、is an advantage（13）a hindrance (障碍)，but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can（14）with. It is, （15）, desirable（16）he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to（17）how proper names and place names are pronounced. The same（18）
9、to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; if he cannot, it does not（19）. There are many other skills and（20）that are desirable in a translator.问题1选项A.useB.usageC.utilityD.application问题2选项A.should beB.would beC.wasD.were问题3选项A.Because ofB.More thanC.Except forD.In additio
10、n to问题4选项A.truthB.reasonC.theoryD.principle问题5选项A.forB.onC.byD.of问题6选项A.becauseB.whenC.shouldD.if问题7选项A.skillB.knowledgeC.acquaintanceD.familiarity问题8选项A.asB.outC.forD.with问题9选项A.transformB.changeC.turnD.switch问题10选项A.whileB.sinceC.thoughD.therefore问题11选项A.requiredB.lackedC.facedD.confronted问题12选项A.
11、advantageousB.essentialC.unnecessaryD.useless问题13选项A.overB.rather thanC.despiteD.instead问题14选项A.dealB.concernC.workD.do away问题15选项A.consequentlyB.accordinglyC.thusD.however问题16选项A.andB.ifC.thatD.when问题17选项A.knowingB.having knownC.knowD.have known问题18选项A.amountsB.comesC.refersD.applies问题19选项A.matterB
12、.mindC.harmD.work问题20选项A.characteristicsB.distinctionsC.qualitiesD.features【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:D第4题:D第5题:B第6题:C第7题:C第8题:A第9题:D第10题:B第11题:A第12题:C第13题:B第14题:D第15题:D第16题:C第17题:A第18题:D第19题:A第20题:C【解析】1.考查名词词义辨析。use “使用”，侧重指为到达某一目的而利用某人或某物；usage “使用”，侧重被很多人公认的惯例，习俗; utility “实用”，指有效地使用某物使其发挥效用；application
13、“应用”，侧重指将理论用到某种特殊情况。此处是指为了到达沟通目的而使用语言，因此选项A符合题意。2.考查词组辨析。as it should be “应当，适当”；as it would be “好像，仿佛”； as it was “事实上，结果却是”；as it were “可以说是，似乎就是，好像”。根据语境，选项D符合题意。3.考查逻辑关系。空格处后面提到的inquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory等与前一句所提到的成为译者的素养是平行关系，因此空格处填入D符合题意，意思是除了前面提到的这些能力，还包括inquiring mind, wide
14、 interests, a good memory等。4.考查名词词义辨析。truth “真理”; reason “原因”； theory “理论”；principle “原理，原则”。根据new development可知此处大意是“快速掌握新进展的基本原理的能力”，选项D符合题意。5.考查固定搭配。on ones own “依靠自己”，选项B符合题意。6.考查倒装句。由空格后否定句his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand中没有助动词可推测这里是用倒装句来表示条件分句，选项C符合题意。7.考查固定搭配。skill与of连用; knowledge 常与of连用；acquaintance with “了解，知道”；familiarity with “熟悉”。由于空格前的more than“多于，超出”以及译者的专业不是出版方面可知“了解”符合语境，选项C符合题意。8.考查固定搭配。work as “担任，以身份而工作”，因此选项A符合题意。9.考查固定搭配。将一种语言转变成另一种语言，用switch适合，选项D符合题意。10.考查逻辑关系。根据前后
