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1、中学英语常见错误1. a 误 I think it is an useful English dictionary.正 I think it is a useful English dictionary.析 在不定冠词a与an的用法中要注意的一点是:an用在以元音开头的词之前;而a则用在以辅音开头的词之前。要特别注意的是以u字母打头的单词,如useful,university等,其第一个音标是j,所以要特别予以注意。误 I need a hour to finish this letter. 正 I need an hour to finish this letter.析 要注意hour和ho
2、nest的第一个字母不发音。误 My teacher is a unknown man, but he is a very good man.正 My teacher is an unknown man, but he is a very good man.析 要注意以u打头的单词,它的发音为ju时,单数名词前要用an,如uncle等。误 There is a f in the word football. 正 There is an f in the word football.析 英文字母单独使用时,如其第一个发音是元音时,其前面的不定冠词应该用an而不是a.误 I have a litt
3、le brother. He is a 8-year-old boy.正 I have a little brother. He is an 8-year-old boy.析 要注意这些字母的第一个发音为元音,如eight, eleven等。2. able 误 This bike is able to be repaired. 正 This bike can be repaired.析 be able to 主要表达某事或某人具有某种能力去作某事,应译为有本领、有能力、可以作某事,如:Im able to swim across this river. 而can可以用来表示具有接受能力或吸收能
4、力。如:This radio can be repaired here. about :误 This class is about to begin just now. 正 This class is about to begin.析 要注意be about to 是将要的意思,含有将来时之意,不要与表示过去时的时间状语连用。另外,be about to 一般用作书面语,对应的口语是be going to.about 与on : about与on都可以作关于讲,但却有所不同,例如:This book is about physics. 应译为这是一本关于物理学的科普读物。而:This book
5、 is on physics.则应译为这是一本物理学方面的专著。3. above 误 The temperature is five degrees over zero. 正 The temperature is five degrees above zero.析 表达在上方时,above与over是可以互换的,如:The sky is above(or over)our heads. 但是要表达在垂直方向上的上方时则应用above不可用over,如:The sun has risen above the horizon.误 There is often thick cloud above t
6、he South of China in summer.正 There is often thick cloud over the South of China in summer.析 当表达覆盖之意时,只可用over而不能用above.误 There is a bridge above the river. 正 There is a bridge over the river.析 用来表达从上方越过时不能用above只能用over,如:The plane flew over the city. 但要注意There is waterfall above the bridge. 则应译为在桥的上
7、游有一个瀑布。4. across 误 He ran across the wood. 正 He ran through the wood.析 across是指某一动作在一平面内进行,而through则是指该动作在一三维立体空间的运动过程。如:The man came in through the window. He walked across the square.across : across的主要用法有两个。其一,意为对面,如:There is a school just across the street. 其二,意为横过,如:He walked across the street.5
8、. afraid 误 I dontt afraid of him. 正 I am not afraid of him.析 要注意害怕afraid一词在英语中不是动词,而是形容词,要与be动词连用。6. after 误 Two weeks after he left. 正 Two weeks later he left. 正 He left after two weeks.析 要表达在多少时间之后,英语中有两种表达法,即:用later时,要时间在前,如three hours later; 而用after时要时间在后,如after three hours.误 My father will be b
9、ack after a few hours.正 My father will be back in a few hours.析 受中文的影响,这个介词常常被误用。当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时,一定要用in,而不能用after,因为after是指在某一时间之后。例如:This work will be done in two days. 即表明在两天内这一工作一定会做完。而如用了after,即表示在两天之后,完成的时间是不确定的。after 与behind after多用于表示顺序的前后,如:She walked in the line after Tom. 或用来表示追赶,表示一种
10、动态,如:He ran after Mary. 而behind多用于强调先进与落后,如:She is much behind the other girls in sewing. 或者用于表达迟于,如:The train was ten minutes behind the time table. 或者与表示静态的动词连用,如:She hid herself behind the flowers.7. afternoon 误 He worked very hard in a hot afternoon. 正 He worked very hard on a hot afternoon.析 习惯
11、用的词组in the afternoon, 如果加入任何修饰词后其前面的介词in都要改为on,不论其修饰词在前还是在后,如:He swam in this river on the afternoon of June lst. 又如:Are you free on Sunday afternoon?8.against 误 He against me. 正 He is against me.析 要注意against意为反对,但它在英文中却不是动词,而是介词,如要讲反对某事或某人时则要加动词be, 如:He is against somebody/something.against, for ag
12、ainst意为反对、不赞成;而for则意为同意,为其反意词。如:Are you for oragainst the plan?9. age 误 He is twenty years old of age.正 He is twenty. 正 He is twenty years old. 正 He is at the age of twenty.10. ago 误 Toms father has been dead five years ago. 正 Toms father died five years ago.析 ago意为由说话时算起,若干时间以前。它只能和一般动词过去时连用,而不要与完成
13、时连用。误 Yesterday I met a friend. We didnt see each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.正 Yesterday I met a friend. We hadnt seen each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.析 要注意的是在本句是ago是用在由since引起的从句之中,只是从句应用过去时,但不影响主句的时态。11. agree 误 Does the t
14、eacher agree to us? 正 Does the teacher agree with us?误 Does he agree with our plan? 正 Does he agree with us?析 agree with 指同意某人的提议、建议、计划等。如果要讲同意某项计划则要用agree to, 如:Do you agree to the plan?12. all 误 The old man has two sons. All of them are workers.正 The old man has two sons. Both of them are workers.析 all是指三者或以上的全部,而both则是指两者都。误 The all children are playing football now. 正 All the children are playing football now.析 all作修饰词时其位置要在所有的修饰词之前,不论这些修饰词是定冠词、指示代词、形容词或名词,或代词的所有格。误 You all are right. 正 You are all right.析 all作同位语时其位置要置于be动词之后,实意动词之前,如:The teachers all work hard. 或用于第一助动词之后,如:The boys