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1、2022年考博英语-中国艺术研究院考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（附答案带详解）1. 单选题The singer used to play badminton with you,（ ）?问题1选项A.didnt heB.used heC.did heD.gone off【答案】A【解析】考查反义疑问句。陈述部分的谓语是used to，疑问部分要用didnt +主语或usednt +主语。所以只有选项A正确。2. 单选题A landing on Mars is within the（ ）of current physical theory.问题1选项A.schemeB.scopeC.scrapD.sc
2、ale【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项 scheme“计划，诡计”；B选项scope“范围，视野”；C选项scrap“碎片，残余物”；D选项scale“规模，比例”。句意：在火星上着陆在目前物理理论的范围之内。选项B符合语境。3. 单选题The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the（ ）in which they develop: for example, leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moistur
3、e.问题1选项A.relationshipB.environmentC.sequenceD.arrangement【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项relationship“关系，关联”；B选项environment“环境，外界”；C选项sequence“序列，顺序，续发事件”；D选项arrangement“布置，安排”。句意：叶片的形态和生理机能因其生长环境的不同而不同：例如，叶片对不同程度的光照和湿度表现出广泛的适应性。选项B符合语境。4. 单选题In the film we saw last night, the hero（ ）his wife to death with his s
4、word.问题1选项A.throatB.thrustC.trustD.thread【答案】B【解析】考查形近异义动词辨析。A选项throat“用嗓音说”；B选项thrust“插入，猛刺”；C选项trust“信任”；D选项thread“通过，穿线于”。句意：在我们昨晚看的电影中，英雄用剑刺死了他的妻子。选项B符合语境。5. 翻译题Although our understanding of learning is still not complete, a great deal is known. Learning has many different forms and takes place
5、under many conditions. In general, it involves a change in behavior. When a change in behavior takes place as a result of learning, the change is usually a long-lasting one. Learning may mean that a number of small independent acts are arranged in a new order. This happens, for example, when you lea
6、rn to play a new piece on the piano.【答案】尽管我们对“学习”的理解不尽完善，然而我们对此已有不少了解。“学习”可以呈现不同的形式，也可以在许多情况下进行。一般来说，“学习”必然会引起行为的变化。“学习”导致人们行为发生变化时，这种变化常能持久。“学习”也许意味着对一系列细小而不相关的行为按新的顺序重新排列。就好比你在钢琴上学习弹奏一首新的曲子。6. 单选题We can begin our discussion of “population as a global issue” with what most person mean when they dis
7、cuss “the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute. It was quite right to employ a similar matter that linked demographic (人口统计学) growth to “a long, thin power fuse that burns steadily from time to time until i
8、t finally reaches the limit, and explodes”.To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic h
9、istory. We find that population have been really stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, where infancy and childh
10、ood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birth rates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.This pattern is important to know. Not only does it put t
11、he current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high rate of death.Demographic his
12、tory can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8000 B.C. till approximately 1650 A.D. And a period of rapid growth since 1650. In the first period of some 9,600 years, the population increased form some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650
13、 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2020 there will be 8 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that
14、 is more manageable. Between 8000 B.C. and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the worlds population each year. At present, this number is added every six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually.1. According to the passage, “population as a global iss
15、ue” （ ）.2. It can be inferred from the example of a power fuse that（ ）.3. What leads to a stable growth of population for most of human history?4. The reason for a rapid growth of population lies in the fact that（ ）.5. How many people are born every six hours at present, according to the author?问题1选项A.is quite unlike the population problem and thus doesnt need our concernB.focuses on tracking down the reason of rapid population growthC.deals with the same problem aroused by the population problemD.will manage the population growth problem from g
