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1、八年级重点语法句型语法：1、 动词 1） 情态动词（modal verbs)情态动词可以用来表示“提议”、“建议”或“请求”等。情态动词should作“应该；应当；可以”讲，用以表达职责和义务、提出劝告，而且表述的是自己的主观看法。其后动词接原型。例如：a用于表示应该或不应该的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。b用于提出意见劝导别人。例如：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill.如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。c用于表示可能性。should的
2、这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。情态动词could用于有礼貌地向对方提出要求或请求。a. 表示“能力”或“可能性”，作为can的过去形式。如：Could you speak English then？ 那时你能讲英语吗？He said he couldnt follow me. 他说他跟不上我。b. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等情绪。如：Who could have taken them？ 谁会把它们拿走了呢？She cou
3、ldnt have left so soon. 她不可能这么快就走了。在这种情况下，could和can是可以换用的，用could时口气较缓和，用can时不相信的程度更强一些，两者在时间上没有差别。c. 比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。如：Could you let me have your passport?Yes, here it is.看看你的护照好吗？行，这就是。I could come earlier, if necessary. 如果必要我可以早点来。这时could和can没有时间上的差别。2、 过去进行时（past progressive tense）1）过去进行时的定义过去进行
4、时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如：I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那时，我正在跟李华谈话。I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。2）过去进行时的结构过去进行时由“was / were + 现在分词”构成。如：I was doing my lessons then. 那时，我在做功课。We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子。3）使用过去进行时应注意的几点(1) 过去进行时可表示按计划、安排过去某时刻将要发
5、生的动作。如：He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon. 他说他今天下午要去北京。(2) 动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。如：I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动?(3) 过去进行时中有always, forever, continually, constantly修饰时，表示说话人的赞赏或厌烦的感情。如：He was always thinking
6、of others. 他总是想到人家。3、 现在完成时（present perfect tense)1）表示截止现在业已完成的动作By now, I have collected all the data that I need .到现在为止，我已收集到了我所需的全部资料。She has read 150 pages today .她今天已看了150页。We havent met for many years .我们已多年没见了。They have developed a new product .他们研制成功了一种新产品。2）表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作Have you h
7、ad your dinner? 你吃晚饭了吗?She has been to the United States. 她已去美国了。You have grown much taller.你长高了许多。3）表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要延续It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。They have learned English for eight years .他们已学了八年的英语了。So far weve only discussed the first five chapters.至今我们还只讨论了前五章。3、
8、 连词both and:表示“两者都”。注意：当bothand 连接主语时，后面动词一般要用复数。如：Both Lily and Lucy are right.not only but also: “不仅而且”。注意：后面动词采用就近原则，与but also后的词保持一致。如：Not only my parents but also my brother likes the cat.eitheror:“或者或者”。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。如：Either you or I am wrong.neithernor:“既不也不 是 “eitheror 的否定形式。谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后
9、的词保持一致。如：Neither you nor he is right.4、 状语从句状语从句专题句法重点状语从句是中考词汇和句法部分考查的重点内容之一。状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步等在复习状语从句时,主要任务是弄清楚引导各种状语从句的连词的用法。现就主要考查点简述如下:1.引导时间状语从句的连词主要有when, while, as, by the time, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as等。其中when while和as都可表示当时候,但用法有区别:when意为在时;当时,可表示点时间或段时间,从句
10、谓语可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词。例如:When I got home, he was having supper.as意为边边或与同时,重在表示两个动作同时发生。伴随进行。as从句是终止性动词时,主句通常也必须是终止性动词。例如:They sang as they danced.while只可表示段时间,从句谓语只限于延续性动词。例如:While I was sleeping, my father came in.注:从句谓语是持续性动词时,when、while和as可以互换2.引导原因状语从句的连词原因状语从句一般由because, since, as, for引导?注意as,be
11、cause,since和for的区别:如果原因是构成句子的最主要部分,一般用because。because引导的从句一般不放在句子的开头。例如:I missed the train because I got up late.注:对于以why开头的问句,一般只能用because引导的从句来回答。如果原因已为人们所知,或不如句子的其余部分重要,就用as或since、since比as稍微正式一些。as和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如:As he was not well,I decided to go there without him.Since this method doesn
12、t work, lets try another.for表示所说的理由是一种补充说明,因此,for引导的从句可以放在括号里,而且for引导的从句一般不放在句子的开头。例如:I decided to stop and have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry.3.引导结果状语从句的连词主要有so/suchthat,so that等。1) so.that结构在某种情况下可以与enough to和too.to结构相互转换。例如:She is so short that she cant reach the buttons of the lift. =She
13、 is too short to reach the buttons of the lift.2)so that也可以引导结果状语从句,意为结果是;以致于。例如:They missed the bus so that they were late for class. so.that.”句型的意思是“如此/这么以致于”，常引导结果状语从句，但“so.that.”是个爱“变脸”句型，你一不留意就会出错。“so.that.”句型及其转换也是中考的热点，现将其用法总结归纳如下，让我们一起来看看它是怎样变的吧。 注意： so. that.句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，常用句型为：主语+
14、谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句。例如： 1. he is so young that she cant look after herself. 2. The boy ran so fast that I couldnt catch him. 3. He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. 在“such. that.”句型中，such修饰名词，意思也是“如此以致于”但当名词前有many、much、(a) few、(a) little等词修饰时，句子中要用“so.that.”而不能用“such.that.”。例如： 1. He h
15、as so much money that he can buy what he wanted. 2. Ive had so many falls that I have pains here and there. 3. There is litte water in the glass that I cant drink any more.4引导目的状语从句的连词so that也可引导目的状语从句,此时可用to或in order to替换,将其改为简单句。例如:He got up early so that he could get to school on time. =He got up early to get to school on time. =In order to get to school on time,he got
