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1、2022年考博英语-南京师范大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced
2、 together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human inter-living, long enough to set back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether
3、to go on with it or not. There is an argument.Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the nineteenth century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets on the issue of nuclear energy. Give it back, sa
4、y some of the voices, “It doesnt really work, weve tried it and it doesnt work. Go back three hundred years and start again on something else less chancy for the race of man.”The principle discoveries in this century, taking all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance of nature. Thing
5、s that used to seem clear and rational, and matters of absolute certaintyNewtonian mechanics, for examplehave slipped through our fingers; and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, cosmic uncertainties, and ambiguities. Some of the laws of physics are amended every few years; some are canc
6、eled outright; some undergo revised version of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For while, things se
7、emed simple and clear: the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievable complex filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond todays imagining.It is not just
8、 that there is more to do, there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea. As we learn more abou
9、t fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.1. What CANNOT be inferred from the first paragraph?2. The principle discovery in this century shows（ ）.3. Now scientists have found in the past few years（ ）.4. The writers main purpose in writing the passage is t
10、o say that（ ）.5.The writers attitude towards science is（ ）.问题1选项A.Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable items.B.For three hundred years there have been people holding a hostile attitude toward science.C.Modern civilization depends on science so man suppor
11、ts scientific progress unanimously.D.Some people think three hundred years is not long enough to set back for critical appraisal of scientific method.问题2选项A.man has overthrown Newtons laws of physicsB.man has solved a new set of gigantic puzzlesC.man has lost many scientific discoveriesD.man has giv
12、en up some of the once accepted theories问题3选项A.the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessaryB.the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machineC.man knows nothing about DNAD.man has much to learn about DNA问题4选项A.science is just at its beginningB.science has greatly improved mans lifeC.science has mad
13、e profound progressD.science has done too little to human beings问题5选项A.criticalB.approvingC.neutralD.regretful【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.推理判断题。第一段For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization.
14、Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human inter-living, lon
15、g enough to set back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not. There is an argument. 大约三个世纪以来，我们一直在研究科学，试验科学，用科学来建设我们所说的现代文明。现代科技的每一项可有可无的东西，从运河水闸到电话拨号，再到青霉素，都是由一系列科学实验提供的数据分析拼凑而成的。三百年来，对人类相互生存的一种新方法进行试验似乎是一段漫长的时间，这段时间足以使我们对这种
16、科学方法进行批判性的评价，甚至可能长到足以投票决定是否继续使用这种方法。这里有一个争论。C项“现代文明依赖于科学，所以人们一致支持科学进步。”与文中“人们有足够的时间对科学方法进行批判性地评价”不符。D项“有些人认为三百年的时间不够长，不足以对科学方法进行批判性的评价。”与“There is an argument.有些人认为三百年足够长来对科学方法进行投票，而另外一些人观点却不一样”相符。2.推理判断题。由第三段“Some of the laws of physics are amended every few years; some are canceled outright; some undergo revised version of
