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1、F2 Chapter 13 Cost Accounting Methods Process CostingACCAspace Provided by ACCA Research Institute Copyright ? ACCAspace4 ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 ACCA F2 Management Accounting (MA) 管理会计 ACCA Lecturer: Belinda Qiu Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 2 Part B Job and batch costing 1.
2、 Job costing 2. Batch costing Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 3 Part B Process costing 1. Process account 2. Normal Loss 3. Abnormal loss/gain 4. WIP 5. FIFO and weighted average method 6. Joint and by-products Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 4 Part B Process cost
3、ing 1. Introduction 1.1 1.2 features Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 5 Part B Process costing 2. Losses and gain in process costing 2.1 normal losses 2.1.1 The expectation is based on past experience and the loss is considered to be unavoidable. 2.1.2 solution procedures of normal
4、losses having a scrap values: Calculate the number of normal loss units Calculate the expected number of output units Total the process costs Calculate the cost per unit Cost per unit= total costs of inputs?scrap values of normal lossexpected output Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台
5、6 Part B Process costing 2.2 Abnormal loss and gain 2.2.1 Abnormal loss units=expected output-actual output 2.2.2 Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 7 Part B Process costing 3. Process account Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 8 Part B Process costing EXAMPLE: Input ma
6、terials 1000kg $9000, labor cost $18000, OHs $13500 Normal loss=10% of input(expected). Actual output 850kg. Losses are sold as scrap for $9/kg. Cost per unit and accounts ? Cost per unit=9000:18000:13500;10091000(1;10%)=44 Normal loss=1000*10%*9=900 Abnormal loss=(1000*(1-10%)-850)*44=2200 Scrap va
7、lue of abnormal loss=50*9=450 Output=44*850=37400 Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 9 Part B Process costing Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 10 Part B Process costing 4. Work in progress 4.1 equivalent units It is unlikely that all inputs to production will take pla
8、ce at the same time. Example from BPP: Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 11 Part B Process costing Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 12 Part B Process costing 4.2 Cost allocation between FG and WIP 4.2.1 Weighted average method Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许
9、公认会计师教育平台 13 Part B Process costing Cost of opening WIP Current period cost Total cost Cost of closing WIP Cost of FG Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 14 Part B Process costing Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 15 Part B Process costing 4.2.2 FIFO method Cost of open
10、ing WIP Current period cost Cost of finishing opening WIP Cost of units started and finished Cost of units started but not finished Cost of FG Cost of closing WIP Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 16 Part B Process costing Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 17 Part B P
11、rocess costing 4.3 which method should be chosen? 在weighted average方法中，我们一直在使用equivalent unit，需要完工度 Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 18 Part B Process costing 5. Joint and by-product 5.1 introduction Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 19 Part B Process costing 5.2 tre
12、atment of by-product Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 20 Part B Process costing 5.3 appointment joint cost The total joint cost incurred in the process were $24000 Products units weight sales X 6000 4000 14000 Y 2000 1800 7000 Z 2000 2200 9000 P/L based on physical weight or sales v
13、alue (a)240001800:4000:2200= 3/? (b)2400014000:7000:9000= 0.8/? Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 21 Part B Process costing Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 22 Part B Process costing Q1. A Copyright ? ACCAspace ACCAspace 中国ACCA特许公认会计师教育平台 23 Part B Process costing Q1. ACCAspace Provided by ACCA Research Institute
