《【最新】高中英语人教版 必修3教师用书：Unit 3 SectionⅣ GrammarWriting Word版含答案》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【最新】高中英语人教版 必修3教师用书：Unit 3 SectionⅣ GrammarWriting Word版含答案（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、最新教学资料人教版英语名词性从句：宾语从句与表语从句Section_Grammar_&_Writing在复合句中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担当主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。一、宾语从句在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫宾语从句。1由连接词that引导的宾语从句(1)连接词that引导宾语从句时，在句中不充当任何句子成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。She has told me (that) she will go to Hon
2、g Kong tomorrow.她已经告诉我明天她要去香港。点津引导词that不能省略的情况：当主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时，引导词that不能省略；当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不可以省略。I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will improve.我相信你已经尽力了，一切都会好起来的。1(北京高考改编)Experts believe that people can waste less food by shopping only whe
3、n it is necessary.(2)动词it形容词或惯用搭配that从句We think it important that every citizen should have good manners.我们认为每个市民有礼貌是很重要的。(其中it为形式宾语，而真正的宾语就是that引导的从句)I made it clear that I was determined to carry out the plan.(that不能省略)我已表明决心执行这个计划。We all find it important that we should make a quick decision abou
4、t this matter.我们都认为对这件事立刻做出决定很重要。2(山东高考改编)Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.(3)有些动词如like, dislike, hate, appreciate等，其后的宾语从句通常也用it作形式宾语。I hate it when someone speaks to me with his mouth full.我不喜欢有人满嘴含着饭跟我说话。I would appreciate it if you can do me a favor.要是你能帮我
5、个忙，我会很感激的。2wh疑问词引导的宾语从句who, whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等疑问词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，连接词都在从句中担当一定的成分。She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。The kind man will give whoever needs help a warm support.凡需要帮助的人，那个好心人都会给予热情的支持。Could you tell me whic
6、h job I should take, please?请你告诉我我应该选择哪种工作，好吗？3(山东高考改编)It is difficult for us to imagine what life was like for slaves in the ancient world.(福建高考改编)Pick yourself up.Courage is doing what youre afraid to do.(湖南高考改编)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell how close you may be to
7、 victory.3whether/if引导的宾语从句从属连词whether/if作“是否”讲时，常用在ask, care, find out, know, wonder等动词(短语)后引出带有疑问意义的宾语从句，whether或if不担当句子成分。I dont know if/whether he will go to the cinema this evening.我不知道今晚他是否会去看电影。点津用whether而不用if引导宾语从句的情况：(1)直接与or not连用时；(2)从句作介词的宾语时；(3)从句作discuss的宾语时。4(山东高考改编)Weve offered her t
8、he job, but I dont know whether shell accept it.4介词后的宾语从句介词后面也可以接宾语从句。一般地，介词后可以接wh类的宾语从句；而in, besides, except, but等少数介词后还可以接that引导的宾语从句。Were talking about whether we go to the movies at once.我们在讨论我们是否立刻就去看电影。He goes to work every day except when its rainy.他除了下雨的时候，天天都去上班。Your composition is very goo
9、d except that the handwriting is a little bad.除了书写不太好外，你的作文很不错。5宾语从句的注意事项(1)语序：宾语从句一律要用陈述语序。(2)时态：若主句是祈使句或主句用现在时、将来时，从句可根据句意来选用合适的时态；若主句是过去时，从句一般用过去的某种时态，但若从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等，从句通常用一般现在时。The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.老师告诉我们汤姆离开我们去美国了。The teacher said that the sun rises in the
10、east and sets in the west.老师说太阳东升西落。二、表语从句在复合句中作表语的从句叫作表语从句。表语从句位于主句中的系动词之后。1that引导的表语从句连接词that在从句中只起到连接作用，不作任何成分。The trouble is that I have lost his address.问题是我把他的地址丢了。2whether引导的表语从句连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否；究竟；到底”，在句中不作任何成分。What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
11、他想要知道的是我们到明天早上能否完成工作。3从属连词as, as if/though引导的表语从句It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.听起来好像有人在敲门。4because, why引导的表语从句Thats because he didnt understand me.那是因为他没有理解我。(Thats because .强调原因)Thats why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。(Thats why .强调结果)点津reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，不宜用becaus
12、e。The reason why I was sad was that he didnt understand me.我难过的原因是他没有理解我。5wh疑问词引导的表语从句连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和连接副词where, when, how, why引导的表语从句。The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。The question is how he did it.问题是他是如何做此事的。Their difficult
13、y is where they can raise enough money.他们的困难是他们到哪里能筹到足够的钱。6主语是表示建议、命令、要求、计划(suggestion, advice, order, request, proposal)等的名词时，表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should动词原形，should可以省略。My suggestion is that we (should) leave the village right now.我的建议是我们立刻离开这个村子。5(四川高考改编)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “Tha
14、ts where I was born.”(安徽高考改编)From space, the earth looks blue.This is because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.用适当的连接词填空1The trouble is that I cant find my way.2We are discussing what we shall do to help the poor.3It depends on whether you can do the work well.4I wonder ho
15、w you are getting on with your studies.5He got caught in the heavy traffic.That was why he was late.6Energy is what makes things work.7We didnt set out; it was because we wanted to wait until our mother came back.8We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation.完成句子1我建议她应当看医生。I suggested that_she_(should)_see a doctor.2我想知道他是否将会去那儿。I want to know whether_he_will_go_there.3请告诉我我们什么时候开会。Please tell me when_we_shall_have a meeting.4你能告诉我为什么火车迟到了吗？Would you tell
