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1、2022年考博英语-华东政法大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 翻译题2. Translate the following paragraph into English (5 marks) 英国食品安全机构本周日称，一年前，3个欧盟国家已经得到关于马肉问题的通知。这些通知于2012年2月1日、15日和3月7日发出，通知特别指出了丹麦、匈牙利和意大利 应当调查关于马肉的问题。它还在欧盟的食品和饲料快速警告系统中发布。 【答案】Britains food safety agency said on Sunday that three European Union countries had
2、been notified about the horsemeat problem a year ago. The notices, issued on 1 February, 15 March 2012 and 7 March 2012, specifically stated that Denmark, Hungary and Italy should investigate the issue of horse meat. It is also published in the EUs Rapid Warning system for food and feed.2. 单选题I. Jur
3、isprudenceMany readers will remember that during the electoral debacle in Florida in 2000, the Rule of Law was invoked at each stage on all sides of every issue, culminating in the famous dissent by Justice Stevens in Bush v. Gore: “Although we may never know with complete certainty the identity of
4、the winner of this years Presidential election, the identity of the loser is perfectly clear. It is the Nations confidence in the judge as an impartial guardian of the Rule of Law.”Thousands of other examples could be cited. The Rule of Law is seen as a fragile but crucial ideal, and one that is app
5、ropriately invoked whenever governments try to get their way by arbitrary and oppressive action or by short-circuiting the norms and procedures laid down in a countrys laws or constitution. Interfering with the courts, jailing someone without legal justification, detaining people without any safegua
6、rds of due process, manipulating the constitution for partisan advantage all these are seen as abuses of the Rule of Law.I would like to consider the role of this ideal in general jurisprudence, that is, in the conceptual work that we do in legal philosophy when we try to explain what law is. I am g
7、oing to argue for two propositions: I shall argue that our understanding of the Rule of Law and our understanding of the concept of law ought to be much more closely connected than they are in modern jurisprudence; I shall argue also that our understanding of the Rule of Law should emphasize not jus
8、t the value of settled, determinate rules and the predictability that they make possible, but also the importance of the procedural and argumentative aspects of legal practice.I shall argue, moreover, that these two propositions are connected. It is much easier to grasp the connection between the Ru
9、le of Law and the concept of law when we understand the Rule of Law at least partly in terms of procedural and argumentative themes than when we see it purely in terms of determinacy and predictability. The procedural aspect of the Rule of Law helps bring our conceptual thinking about law to life; a
10、nd an understanding of legal systems that emphasizes argument in the courtroom as much as the existence and recognition of rules provides the basis for a much richer understand of the values that the Rule of Law comprises in modern political argument.51. According to the first paragraph, which of th
11、e following is NOT correct?52. According to the author, which of the following is NOT an abuse of the Rule of Law?53. According to the 3rd paragraph, the author thinks that _.54. Which statement is correct according to the 4th paragraph?问题1选项A.Justice Stevens did not agree with the majority of the J
12、ustices.B.The year 2000 was a year where Presidential election was held.C.The Justices knew who the loser was in the election.D.At every stage of the debate, the Rule of Law was invoked.问题2选项A.Letting the court decide the final result of the Presidential election.B.Arresting someone without any safe
13、guards of due process.C.A government agency giving orders to courts for specific cases.D.Putting someone into jail without a trial by court.问题3选项A.the scholars understanding of the Rule of Law is correctB.the understanding of the Rule of Law should emphasize both the substantive and procedural aspec
14、tsC.when people try to explain what law is, they talk about the Rule of LawD.laws are settled, determinate rules问题4选项A.One should look at the Rule of Law at least partly in terms of procedural and argumentative themes.B.The Rule of Law should be seen purely in terms of determinacy and predictability
15、.C.It is much easier to grasp the connection between the Rule of Law and the concept of law.D.Understanding of laws both as rules and as those used in courtrooms helps to understand the Rule of Law.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A【解析】51. 【试题答案】A【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第一段the Rule of Law was invoked at each sta
16、ge on all sides of every issue, culminating in the famous dissent by Justice Stevens in Bush v. Gore（每一个阶段，每个问题的各方都援引了法治，最终以大法官史蒂文斯在布什诉戈尔案中提出的著名异议告终），结合法律知识，此处的异议是指案外人对执行标的提出不同的意见，而不是大法官史蒂文斯不同意大多数人的意见，A选项“法官史蒂文斯不同意大多数法官的意见”和原文不符，同时可知D选项“辩论的每一阶段都援引了法治”符合原文；第一段Many readers will remember that during the electoral debacle in Florida
