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1、学生姓名： 授课教师： 科目： 英语 学生 年级： 初三 上课时间： 年 月 日 时 分至 时 分 共 2 小时2 小时教学课题语法专题：中考状语从句精讲上次作业评析口语练习：Text B My Dishwasher Mrs Williams lived in a small street in London, and now she had a new neighbour. Her name was Mrs Briggs , and she talked a lot about her expensive furniture, her beautiful carpets and her ne
2、w kitchen. Do you know, she said to Mrs Williams one day, Ive got a newdishwasher. It washes the plates and glasses and knives and forks beautifully. Oh? Mrs Williams answered. And does it dry them and put them in the cupboard too?Mrs Briggs was surprised. Well, she answered, the things in the machi
3、ne are dry after an hour,but it doesnt put them away,of course. Ive had a dishwasher for twelve and a half years, Mrs Williams said. Oh? Mrs Briggs answered. And does yours put the things in the cupboard when it has washed them? She laughed nastily. Yes , he does, Mrs Williams answered. He dries the
4、 dishes and puts them away. 语法：状语从句状语可分为八大类: 时间状语，地点状语，条件状语，原因状语，目的状语，结果状语，让步状语和比较状语一、时间状语从句when ，while， as， after ，before， as soon as， since ，till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。释义特点从句的谓语v动作when当的时候时间点/时间段非延续性v/延续性v动作可先后发生，也可同时发生while在的期间时间段延续v动作同时发生as一边一边与同时两个动作同时发生/淡
5、化时间before在之前时间点主句动作发生在从句动作之前，从句不用否定式after在之后时间点主句动作发生在从句动作之后since自从若时间从该动作发生时算起，用非延续性v若时间从该动作或结束时算起，用延续性vby the time到为止延续性vuntil/till直到主句谓语延续性v，主句常用肯定形式主句谓语非延续性v，主句常用否定形式as soon as一就强调两个动作紧接着发生1.when 当的时候Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.(当)莫扎特4岁的时候，开始写音乐作品。When/while we were d
6、ancing, a stranger came in.当我们正在跳舞的时候，一个陌生人进来了。2.while 当时He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中参观了许多地方。3. as 在的同时;一边一边He smiled as he stood up.他一边站起来一边笑着。I saw Peter as I was getting off the bus.在我下公交车的时候，我看见了Peter。4.after 在之后He left the classroom after he had finished his homework
7、the other day.前几天做完作业之后回的家。5.before 在之前Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。6. as soon as 一就I will write to you as soon as I get home.我一到家就给你写信。7. till /until都可以作连词，连接时间状语，也可以作介词，与其它词构成介词短语，在句中作状语。They walked till /until it was dark.他们一直走到天黑。8.since 自以来
8、 到现在表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。但在It is +时间+since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.自格林先生来中国以来，他就在这所学校教书。Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了?It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing. 我妹妹不在
9、北京住有四年了。9. by the time 到为止 (所在句子的主句应用现在或过去完成时)By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.他到家的时候，他爸爸已经走了。By the time I got to school, the class had already began.我到校时，已经开始上课了。二、时间状语引导词的区别：A, when, while和as的区别when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示就在那时。When she came in, I was eating.她
10、进来时，我在吃饭。(瞬时动词)When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当的住在农村时，我常常为他担水。(延续性的动词)We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生(或者相对应)。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如:While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (was reading
11、是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。(对比)As表示一边一边，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生;as也可以强调一先一后。We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。(as表示一边一边)As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。(as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间)有时这三个
12、连词可以互换，有时不可以。lt was raining hard when (as) I got there.我到那里时，正在下大雨。 ( 动作同时发生，when可换为as, 但不能换为while，因为get是点动词.)When I had read the article, he called me.我看完这篇文章之后，他给我打了电话。( 从句动作发生在主句之前，注意时态表达，只能用when )When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.(当)我到了电影院时，电影已经开演了。(从句的动作发生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意时态)He was
13、about to leave, when the telephone rang.他正要离开，忽然电话响了。( 此时不能放在句首。主句动词一般表达 正在即将.while, as不能代替She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.他以为我在谈她女儿，然而，实际上在谈论我女儿。(表转折，对比，when, as都不能代替它)While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.外星人
14、买纪念品时，那女孩给警察打了电话。(表示主句，从句的动作同时发生，while后引导的状语从句的动词必须是延续动词不能是点动词，因为它表示较长时间)Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as (when/ while) father was away.妈妈担心，因为小爱丽丝病了，特别是他父亲不在家的时候。(此时as ,when, while可通用)B. 由before和after引导的时间状语从句。before当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时;如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这
15、样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。从句是过去完成时，主句是一般过去时。It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔
