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1、Chapter 05 Intracellular CompartmentsCentromere: Constricted portion of a mitotic chromosome where sister chromatids are attached and from which kinetochore fibers extend toward a spindle pole; required for proper chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis.Centrosome (cell center): Organelle
2、located near the nucleus of animal cells that is the primary microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) and contains a pair of centrioles. It divides during mitosis, forming the spindle ples.Chaperone: Collective term for two types of proteins that prevent misfolding of a target protein (molecular chapero
3、nes) or actively facilitate its proper folding (chaperonins).Trans-Golgi network (TGN): Complex network of membranes and vesicles that serves as a major branch point in the secretory pathwayVesicles budding from this most-distal Golgi compart-ment carry membrane and soluble proteins to the cell surface or to lysosomesUniport: A type of transport in which a membrane protein (uniporter) mediates movement of a small molecule across a membrane down its concentration gradient via facilitated transport. The glucose transporters (GLUT proteins) are well-studied exampies of uniporters
