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1、英语专业四级语法、词汇知识讲座综观这近几年考题，可发现：1语法考题的涉及面宽，近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类；三种动词的非谓语形式；各种从句及关系词的用法；动词时态、虚拟语气、情态动词的用法；独立主格，主谓一致，倒装，强调、并列结构等基本语法知识。2语法考试的重点突出，语法考试的重点为内容庞杂较难掌握的项目，这些项目还反复出现，如：虚拟语气，状语从句，定语从句，独立主格，情态动词。3具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法，不常用的情况1）虚拟语气的考点为：would ratherthat从句一般过去时：It is vital necessary important urgent imperativ
2、e desirable advisable natural essentialthat动词原形；It is timeabout timehigh timethat一般过去时：proposalsuggestionthat动词原形；lestthatshould动词原形；if onlythatwould动词原形。2）状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if；由even ifso，now that，forall等引导的让步状语从句；justhardly.when引导的时间状语从句；more t
3、han，as.as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。3）独立主格结构多以逻辑主语分词的形式出现。4）情态动词多与完成时形式连用。5）定语从句重点考查介词关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。专业四级考试的词汇部分要求考生能灵活正确运用教学大纲语法结构表一至四级的全部内容，熟练掌握教学大纲词汇表中一至四级规定的50006000个认知词汇及其最基本的搭配。其考查重点为：1动词、名词与介词的搭配如：popularpatientwith；yieldsolutionadapttransferaccessto；accuserequireo
4、f；chargefor；underdiscussion等等。2习惯用法如：confess toset aboutbe used todoing；be supposed tohavemake sbdo等。3由同一动词构成的短语如：come，go，set，break等构成的短语。4单个的动词，抽象名词，形容词和副词多以近义词、同义词的形式出现。5介词短语在句中作状语如：in terms of；with the exception of；in vain等，另外还应注意rather than，other than，such as，nonenothingbut等词在考题中的出现。2009年英语专业四级语
5、法与词汇评析例如第47题的contract，这个词在本文中是一个及物动词，意思是“得（病）”，如I contracted a cold. 我得了感冒。再如第49题的linger，这个词在本文中是一个不及物动词，意思是“奄奄一息地活着，苟延残喘”。请看柯林斯词典的对这个意思的解释When someone who is dying lingers, they stay alive for longer than people expect, even though they are very week. 习惯搭配题有3道：at this point (这时)， start with (以 - 开始
6、)， care for (照顾)。 如suspense (悬念)， entertain (心中怀有)， pass off (冒充)，out of blue(意外地)等。 ：no / none other than不是别人，而是。这两个短语都有强调的意味，意思是“正是 - ”，只不过none other than用得更广泛一些罢了。专业英语四级考前恶补语法词汇Test One集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词集体名词，如：police, people,cattle,militia,poultry等，通常作复数，用复数动词。如：Domestic cattle provide us wi
7、th milk, beef and hides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词，如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词，随后的动词用单数。例如：All the machinery in the factory is made in China.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词，如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等，既可作单数，也可作复数用。The city council is meeting to set
8、 its agenda.4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用单数。例如：A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.近义词辨析tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。tired可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息，还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。Henry was so tired that h
9、e went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫，一到家就上床睡觉去了。exhausted表达的疲惫程度最强，指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.精疲力竭的工程师在公共汽车上睡着了。fatigued所表达的疲劳程度比tired和weary强，表示由于过度劳累而引起疲乏，不能再继续下去。He felt fatigued and didnt want to say a single word.他疲惫不堪，不想说一句话。weary语气比tired强，指由于长时间努力工作或
10、由于做单一的事而引起疲倦。After a long and weary wait, the plane finally came to take them back.经过漫长而又令人疲乏的等待后，飞机终于来接他们回去了。Worn out这个词不太正式，多用于口语。The troops were wornout after winning the battle.战后,部队疲惫不堪。全真模拟试题1. Although_Spanish, he attended the course.A. he was knowing B. he is knowingC. having a knowledge of
11、D. knows2. You _that letter to James. However, you didnt.A. ought to write B. ought to have writtenC. should write D. should be writing3. Joseph was very lucky _ with his life; he almost did not get out of the room.A. to escape B. to have escapedC. to escaping D. to be escaping4. Bread and butter _l
12、iked by Westerners.A. is B. are C. were D. be5. The back garden of our house contains a lawn, _very pleasant to sit on in summer.A. which is B. which it is C. it is D. where it is6. He set up in business _ his own and was very successful.A. in B. of C. on D. by7. Johns score on the test is the highe
13、st in the class; he _last night.A. must study B. should have studiedC. must have studied D. is sure to study8. Frank almost never received any education, _?A. would he B. did heC. didnt he D. wouldnt he9. Even if his letter _ tomorrow, it _too late to do anything.A. will arrive.is B. should arrive.wereC. arrives.will be D. arrives.would be10. We can hear _from the back of the room.A. just as good B. just as easy C. just as well D. easily as well11. To obtain a satis
