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1、2022年考博英语-河北工业大学考试题库及全真模拟冲刺卷（含答案带详解）1. 单选题It seems very difficult _.问题1选项A.to stop the child to cryB.stopping the child to cryC.stop the child cryingD.to stop the child crying【答案】D【解析】【选项释义】A. to stop the child to cry去阻止孩子哭 B. stopping the child to cry阻止孩子哭C. stop the child crying阻止孩子哭 D. to stop th
2、e child crying去阻止孩子哭【答案】D【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据关键词difficult（困难的）可知，difficult to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“做某事是困难的”，而stop doing/to do sth.也是固定搭配，但是stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事情”，stop to do sth.是“停止正在干的事情去干另一件”；根据选项意思可知，空格处应该表示“阻止孩子哭”。因此，该题选择D项。【干扰项排除】B、C项不符合固定搭配；A项不符合句子意思。【句意】似乎很难让这孩子不哭。2. 单选题It has been said that ma
3、nagement is a science and that leadership is an art. Management is comprised of concrete, measurable skills: planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. Thumb through any management textbook and youll see specific models, formulas, procedures, or techniques for monitoring and controlling perfo
4、rmance output. Controlling productivity through adherence to standards is the stock-in-trade of the effective manager. Its not always an easy task, and talented managers should be given the credit they deserve in helping their organizations succeed. No organization can survive for very long, let alo
5、ne earn any sort of substantial profits, without sound management. But management alone is not enough in todays marketplace. It is the right balance, a combination of efficient management and leadership, that every organization is seeking.Just what is the new model of leadership for the 21st century
6、? It revolves around five abstract qualities. Managers may possess some or all of these abilities to one degree or another, but these skills are distinct from the particular qualities that define management. To better understand how leadership and management differ, lets review the five leadership c
7、ompetencies.Self-mastery is the foundation upon which a leaders credibility is built and from which a leaders image will evolve. Self-mastery involves awareness, acknowledgment, and acceptance. Its about discovering the qualities that make you special and unique. Its about your own talents and abili
8、ties your personal areas of excellence. Effective leaders create opportunities to showcase their natural abilities. They uncover their potential talents by continually stretching themselves and pushing themselves to their limits. At the same time, however, the successful leader acknowledges his or h
9、er limitations. To achieve true self-mastery you must accept yourself, including your faults, totally and unconditionally.Vision is in many ways the heart and soul of leadership. While the manager must deal with issues and produce results on a day-to-day basis, a leader must focus on both the presen
10、t and the future. The managers concern is today; the leader has a vision for tomorrow. But simply having a vision is not enough; you must make others believe in it, too. Put your plans for the future before the eyes and ears of the people around you. When other people begin to buy into your vision a
11、nd make it their own, good things start to happenand happen quickly. Leaders turn their vision into reality by constantly letting others know whats in it for them.“Personal power” is the ability to influence and persuade others. It is not to be confused with “position power”. Position power is embed
12、ded in hierarchical, organizational structure. Personal power is earned. You do not necessarily need to have direct authority over others to display personal power. In fact, in the most successful companies, leadership exists at all levels. Develop personal power by being dependable, following throu
13、gh on commitments, and demonstrating concern for the welfare of others. People will recognize your personal power and look to you for direction.Empowerment completes the set of leadership skills. Although it has become a buzz word in the 90s, leaders have been aware of the concept of empowerment thr
14、oughout the ages. Empowerment is the process by which a leader enables other individuals to successfully complete a certain job or task. It is a technique that allows you to delegate responsibility for tasks throughout your organization, even at the lowest levels. As a leader, it is in your interest
15、 to nurture and develop individuals who will one day take your place, so make empowerment a top priority. Empowerment involves three critical ingredients: skills, confidence, and authority. Evaluate your followers skills and provide training to improve or enhance their abilities. Instill confidence
16、in others and raise their self-esteem by maintaining face-to-face contact and offering praise for a job well done. Furthermore, bestow authority onto other people, giving them the right to exercise their best personal judgment. True leaders are always willing to give credit to others and accept responsibility for failure, while simultaneously supporting, encouraging, and empowering their followers. I
