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1、精选例题指代题原则：寻找词义的对应。绝不审题，找对应！诡计：1、and并列，主语对应主语逻辑关系，迅速定位，词义对应2、宾语对应宾语对应宾语，还有可能代前一句的主语，如果前一句 所见即所得”是主系表。女口，This one is better. I like it.逻辑关系，迅速定位，词义对应 理解型一一同义替换3 般往前找，范围一般在两句之内；如果有解释说明的（有where、who 的）对应在后面。验证：代入重读，单复数，动词结构。例题 3-01What does the undefined word it /this/they/themin Paragraph X refers to? T
2、he underlined word it /this/they/them/（paragraph X） refers to.What does the underlined phrase/words “XXX”（paragraphX） refer to?例题3-02（06天津卷B）所见即所得Dave rowed steadily ahead, relying on a mental picture of the surroundings. The mist began to rise slowly and then itsoon rested inches above the still su
3、rface of the lake. The heavy silence was now being broken by the fish breaking through the surface as they leaped out of the water for low-flying insects. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to.A. fishB.boatC.silenceD.mist出题点：并列and。词义的对应，主语对应主语 长难句分析： The heavy silence was now being broke
4、n/ by the fish breaking through the surface/ as they leaped （跳） out of the water for low-flying insects.Still :静止的，平静的例题3-03（05湖北卷C）长难句的理解：主对主There are also rules which deal with the standard of services you getfrom ,say ,travel agents ,shoe repairers ,hairdressers and builders. These tell you what
5、you should expect from any service you pay for.The underlined word “these”in Paragraph 2 refers to“Athe servicesBthe workersCthe goodsDthe rules自己做 出题点：一一解释说明的主语是rules!词义的对应：主语对应主语。例题3-04（06四川卷A）所见即所得However, the quantity of serious writing which I produced all through my childhood would not add up
6、to haft a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, and my mother took it down for dictation. I cannot remember anything about it except that it was about a tiger and the tiger had chair- like teeth a good enough expression.The underlined word“it” in paragraph 2 refers to.A.the
7、quantity of serious writing B.the writers first poemC.the writers childhood D.the tiger in the poem 自己做出题点：并列一and。词义的对应，宾语对应宾语。前后部分都是SVOTake down i记下、写下。例题3-05 （07福建卷E）所见即所得While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was thought that the findings could
8、help people judge the mood （ 心情） of dogs. Computer and video systems, for example, could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they required to approach .The underlined word they refers to.A.the dogs B.the trainers C.the systems D.the researchers 长难句分析：Computer and
9、video systems, （for example,） could be used byprofessional dog trainers/ to determine the mood of dogs that they required to approach./这里的 that 修饰的是 the mood of dogs.SVO+to 不定式+that修饰to 不定式里的，所以they 指代的是 0。While the changes in the tail wagging were not easily noticed without the aid of video, it was
10、 thought that the findings could help people judge the mood （心情）of dogs.双重否定表肯定，while 在这里表示转折，虽然，然而，在作在的时候的意思 的时候，也表示为，做一个对比： while 男子打仗在边关，女子纺织在家园。两 个动作对比。例题3-06 （07天津卷D）所见即所得In meditation（冥想），people sit quietly and focus their attention on their breath. As they breathe in and out ,they attend to t
11、heir feelings. As thoughts go through their minds， they let them go. Breathe. Let go. Breathe. Let go.（呼吸呼吸） The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to .A. feelingsB. mindsC. peopleD. thoughts自己做句子分析，as.是状语，主语是they,宾语是them,动作是 go。一as句中是thoughts 在 go，所以them 对应的是 thoughts。Breath n.呼吸 breathe
12、v .呼吸Attend:出席，上（课），照料，attend to： 致力于例题3-07 （08全国卷一 A）所见即所得The next day dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me quite a few stories about his own childhood. Although our times together became easier over the years, I never felt closer to him at that moment. After so many years, Im at last
13、seeing another side of my father. And in so doing, Im delighted with my new friend. My dad, in his new home in Arizona, is back to me from where he was.The underlined words “my new friend” in the last paragraph refer to.A. the authors sonB. the authors fatherC. the friend of the authors fatherD. the
14、 cafe owner自己做出题点： 并歹列and。词义的对应，往前找，another side =new friendin so doing :这样一来；这样做时；在这种情况下Delighted： de-加强语气，高兴的例题3-08 （08福建卷B）所见即所得（句中解释who expect it at every turn）For years we have been told that encouraging a childs self-respect is important to his or her success in life, but child expert are now
15、learning that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect. Praise-acholic eikolik kids who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek the same kind of approval form their friends when asked if they want to go in the backseat of the car .The underlined words “Praise -acholic kids” refer to kids who are.A. tired of being praisedB. worthy of being praisedC. very proud of being praisedD. extremely fond of being praisedWho 引导解释 “ 中的，expect （V+O） 出现又一代词it, but结构：词义的对 应，扌旨上句中的 but （重点）后的too much praiseextreme，感情色彩强烈。 at every turn （到处，事事）approval： n. 认可，赞许Extreme:极端的，extreme sports 极限运
