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1、2022年考博英语-南开大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题He tried to cope with the ever-increasing burden of his work, but finally he （ ） and had to take a complete rest.问题1选项A.broke awayB.broke offC.broke upD.broke down【答案】D【解析】动词词组辨析。break away“脱离, 放弃, 逃跑”;break off“突然停止;暂停”;break up“打碎;结束”;break down“发生故障;毁掉”。句意:他试
2、图处理日益增加的工作负担，但最后他 ，不得不彻底休息。根据“take a complete rest”可推测，填空处应该指他的身体垮掉了，只有选项D有此含义，所以正确。2. 单选题The senator agrees that his support of the action would （ ） his chances for reelection.问题1选项A.obscureB.mystifyC.jeopardizeD.distinguish【答案】C【解析】近义词词义辨析。obscure“使模糊不清, 掩盖”;mystify“使迷惑, 使困惑”;jeopardize“危及, 危害, 使陷
3、危地”;distinguish“区分, 辨别, 使杰出”。句意:参议员承认他支持这次行动会影响他再次获选的机会。选项C符合语境。3. 单选题Alone in a deserted house, he was so busy with his research work that he felt （ ） but lonely.问题1选项A.nothingB.anythingC.allD.everything【答案】B【解析】不定代词的用法。nothing but只有，只不过；anything but根本不，绝不；all but几乎，差一点儿；没有everything but的用法，排除。句意：他
4、独自一个人在一所废弃的房子里，忙于研究工作，一点儿也不感到孤独。选项B符合句意。4. 单选题Crisis would be the right term to describe the （ ） in many animal species.问题1选项A.minimizationB.restrictionC.descentD.decline【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。minimization最小化；restriction限制；descent下降；decline衰退。既然是危机，表示事态比较严重，所以用衰退来形容许多动物物种最为恰当。选项D正确。5. 单选题You have lived in
5、many foreign countries so Id expect you to have some sort of （ ） people who have just arrived here.问题1选项A.love forB.concern forC.sympathy forD.empathy for【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析。句意:你在很多国家居住过，所以我想你应该和刚到这里的人会有一些共鸣。只有选项D符合语境。6. 单选题The doctors are very much worried about the（ ） of the patients condition after o
6、peration.问题1选项A.dispositionB.deliberationC.deteriorationD.diversion【答案】C【解析】名词词义辨析。disposition“处置, 性情”;deliberation“审议, 考虑”;deterioration“恶化, 退化”;diversion“消遣, 转移注意力”。句意:医生非常担心病人手术后情况会恶化。选项C符合句意。7. 单选题As a way of （ ） the mails while they were away, the Johnsons asked the cleaning lady to send little
7、 printed slips asking the senders to write again later.问题1选项A.picking upB.coping withC.passing outD.getting across【答案】B【解析】词组辨析。pick up捡起，获得；cope with处理，应付；pass out昏倒，分发；get across通过，使被理解。根据下文，让清洁女工把打印好的小纸条寄出去让寄件人稍后再写。这是处理邮件的一种方式，所以选项B符合句意。8. 单选题The consolidation of the crumbling walls and towers ha
8、s been carried out in （ ） with a program agreed with by the Department of the Environment.问题1选项A.caseB.accordanceC.placeD.charge【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。in accordance with为固定搭配，表示“依照，与.一致”。9. 单选题A luxury express train jumped the tracks on a bridge in eastern India, killing at least 50 on the spot. According to
9、 the Northern Railway spokesman, the death（ ）is expected to rise.问题1选项A.tollB.figureC.spanD.yield【答案】A【解析】名词词义辨析。toll“伤亡人数，代价”；figure“数字，图形”；span“跨度，范围”；yield“产量， 收益”。句意：一辆豪华特快列车在印度东部一座桥上脱轨，造成至少50人当场死亡。据北方铁路发言人表示，死亡人数预计还会上升。death toll表示“死亡人数”，符合句意。所以选项A正确。10. 单选题He has little trouble （ ） the tires o
10、f his car.问题1选项A.to fixB.fixC.fixingD.with fixing【答案】C【解析】特殊用法。have trouble后接动名词, 表示“在方面有困难和麻烦”。选项C正确。11. 单选题They advised their clients to （ ） with another company.问题1选项A.mergeB.engageC.emergeD.submerge【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。merge with合并，与.联合；engage with交战，与.接洽；emerge浮现，暴露；submerge淹没。句意：他们建议客户与另一家公司合作。选项A符
11、合句意。12. 单选题International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages（ ）patriotism.问题1选项A.amiableB.obsoleteC.aggressiveD.harmonious【答案】C【解析】形容词词义辨析。amiable“和蔼可亲的, 亲切的”;obsolete“废弃的, 老式的”;aggressive“侵略性的, 好斗的, 激进的, 有进取心的”;harmoni
12、ous“和谐的, 和睦的”。句意:国际体育运动应该在各国之间建立友好关系, 但在现在的奥运会组织中, 某种程度上鼓励了激进的爱国主义。选项C符合语境。13. 单选题Most people cant get （ ）the day without at least one cup of tea or coffee.问题1选项A.onB.overC.throughD.by【答案】C【解析】固定搭配。句意:没有一杯茶或者咖啡, 大多数人都无法清醒地过完这一天。get through表示“度过, 熬过”。所以选项C正确。14. 单选题To plagiarize is simply “to use wit
13、hout （ ） credit the ideas, expressions, or productions of (another),” and this is remarkably easy to do unintentionally.问题1选项A.dueB.necessaryC.importantD.vital【答案】A【解析】形容词词义辨析。句意:剽窃很简单，就是“未经允许或授权就使用(他人的)创意，表达或作品”，而这很容易在无意中发生。due “应付的, 应得的”, due credit为常用搭配，表示“应得的荣誉, 应得的信任”, without due credit在这里引申为“
14、未经允许或授权”。选项A正确。15. 单选题Hotel rooms must be （ ） by noon, but luggage may be left with the porter.问题1选项A.departedB.abandonedC.vacatedD.displaced【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析。depart“离开，出发”;abandon“放弃，遗弃”;vacate“空出，腾出”;displace“取代，转移”。句意:旅馆的房间必须在中午前空出来，但行李可以交给行李搬运工。选项C符合句意。16. 单选题The actual cost of the building was much higher than our original （ ）
