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1、2022年考博英语-湖南农业大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 不定项选择题For hundreds of millions of years, turtles have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the
2、hatchlings down to the waters edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, youd think these creatures w
3、ould at least have the gratitude not to go extinct.But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 poun
4、ds. The South Florida nesting population, the largest, has declined by 50% in the last decade, according to Elizabeth Griffin, a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North Atlantic logg
5、erheads from “threatened” to “endangered”meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help.Which raises the obvious question: what else do these turtles want from us, anyway? It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the wee
6、ks they spend land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings), we have neglected the years spend in ocean. “The threat is from commercial fishing,” says Griffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and long line fishers (which can deploy thousands of
7、hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles.Of course, like every other environmental issue today, this is playing out against the background of global warming and human interference with natural ecosystems. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs a
8、re being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by threat of rising levels as the oceans warm. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how creature so
9、ugly could have won so much affection.1. We can learn from the first paragraph that _.2. What does the author mean by “Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness” (Line 1, Para. 2)?3. What constitutes a major threat to the survival of turtles according to Elizabeth Griffin?4. How does global
10、 warming affect the survival of turtles?问题1选项A.government bureaucracy has contributed to turtles extinctionB.human activities have changed the way turtles survive.C.marine biologists are looking for the secret of turtles reproductionD.efforts have been made to protect turtles from dying out问题2选项A.Th
11、e course of nature will not be changed by human interference.B.Nature is quite fair regarding the survival of turtles.C.The turtle population had decreased in spite of human protection.D.Turtles are by nature indifferent to human activities.问题3选项A.Their lower reproductively ability.B.Their inadequat
12、e food supply.C.Contamination of sea waterD.Unregulated commercial fishing.问题4选项A.The rising sea levels make it harder for their hatchlings to grow.B.It threatens the sandy beaches on which they lay eggs.C.It takes them longer to adapt to the high beach temperature.D.The changing climate makes it di
13、fficult for their eggs to hatch.【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:D第4题:B【解析】第1题:推理判断题。A选项“政府的官僚作风导致了海龟的灭绝”；B选项“人类活动已经改变了海龟的生存方式。”；C选项“海洋生物学家正在寻找海龟繁殖的秘密”；D选项“人们已经采取措施保护海龟免于灭绝”。根据题干定位到第一段最后一句With all that attention paid to them, youd think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct.（人们对它们给予了如
14、此多的关注，你可能会认为这些生物至少会心存感激，不会走向灭绝。）这里可知答案选D。B、C选项文章没有提及；根据第一段倒数第二句话A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic coastlines（为了保护它们在大西洋沿岸的主要筑巢地，政府已经竖起了一道强大的官僚主义墙）A选项错误。第2题:推理判断题。题干：作者说“大自然对人类的公平观念漠不关心”的意图是什么。A选项“大自然的进程不会因为人类的干扰而改变”；B选项“在海归的存活上大自然还是很公平的”
15、；C选项“尽管人类在保护它但是海龟的数量在减少”；D选项“海龟天然地对人类活动不感兴趣”。根据第二段第一句a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic turtles, （鱼类及野生动物管理局的一份报告显示，北大西洋几种海龟的数量出现了令人担忧的下降）从这里可知答案选C，其他选项，第二自然段没有提及。第3题:事实细节题。题干：伊丽莎白格里芬认为什么是对海龟生存的主要威胁。A选项“他们的生育能力低”；
16、B选项“他们的食物不足”；C选项“污染的海水”；D选项“无节制的商业捕鱼”。根据题干定位到第三段第二、三句话we have neglected the years spend in ocean. “The threat is from commercial fishing,” says Griffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and long line fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a
