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1、中考英语说明文（科普、文化）类完形填空(附有模拟练习)第一部分：说明文类完形填空的命题特点分析及解题技巧点拨说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。说明文类完形填空最显著的特点是：1、开头点题。说明文类完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节的前提。2、结构清晰。 说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。理清文章的说明顺序，对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系，选择正确答案具有重要意义。3、难度较大。说明文往往采用比较正式的文体，表述准确严谨，生词术语较多，句子较长，结构较为复杂。
2、在做说明类的完形填空时，要注意以下三点： 首先，了解结构模式，理清主旨大意。对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以刚开始的时候，只要能够掌握文章的大意就可以了。 其次，弄清内部构成，理解事实细节。把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深
3、层次的理解。 最后，掌握做题方法，遵循四个原则。1、上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。2、语法正确。从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。3、合情合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合情的。4、符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要逐个记住，才能做好此类题目。如：Its a good habit to say “Thank you” when others help you or say something kind to you. You should say “Thank you” whe
4、n someone 26 you the salt on the table, when someone says you do your work well, or you buy a nice thing, or your city is very 27 . “Thank you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and 28 , husbands and wives.（08年四川攀枝花中考）26. A. takes B. passes C. sells D.
5、 makes27. A. beautiful B. bad C. small D. hot28. A. classmates B. teachers C. sisters D. cousins本文开头点题，是关于 “Thank you”这个话题的，然后说明Thank you 用的情景和氛围。在选择时要围绕这个话题展开。26.B.在此设置了四个情景，根据“合情合理”原则，只有在别人递给你盐这种情景下，才应该说Thank you。27.A 同样四个情景，也是根据“合情合理”的原则，选A。28.C 根据“上下一致”原则。这是并列列举。第二部分：真题解析AIn some science fiction
6、 movies, the robots are just like humans. They help with the housework and do the most 1 jobs.Some scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future. 2 , they agree it may 3 hundreds of years. Scientists are now trying to make robots 4 people and do the same things as us. But robot sci
7、entist James White 5 . He thinks that it will be 6 for a robot to do the same things as a person. 7 , its easy for a child to wake up and know where they are. Mr. White thinks that robots wont be able to do this. But other scientists disagree. They think that robots will be able to talk to people 8
8、25 to 50 years.Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people. For example, there are already robots 9 in factories. They do simple jobs over and over again. People would not like to do such jobs and would get bored. But robots will 10 get bored.In the future, there will be mor
9、e robots everywhere, and humans will have 11 work to do. New robots will have many different 12 . Some will look like humans, and 13 might look like snakes. After an earthquake , a snake robot could help look for people under buildings. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets an
10、d even electric toothbrushes 14 impossible a hundred years ago. We never know 15 will happen in the future!（2008湖北恩施）( ) 1. A. interesting B. unpleasant C. pleasant D. popular( ) 2. A. But B. So C. However D. While( ) 3. A. use B. spend C. pay D. take( ) 4. A. look like B. look at C. look for D. loo
11、k up( ) 5. A. agrees B. disagrees C. likes D. dislikes ( ) 6. A. easy B. difficult C. important D. possible( ) 7. A. For example B. Instead C. Such as D. Besides( ) 8. A. after B. for C. over D. in ( ) 9. A. worked B. work C. working D. to work( ) 10. A. always B. easily C. never D. often ( ) 11. A.
12、 more B. less C. fewer D. little ( ) 12. A. shapes B. colors C. sizes D. actions ( ) 13. A. the other B. other C. the others D. others ( ) 14. A. seem B. seemed C. got D. look( ) 15. A. that B. how C. what D. when 这是一篇关于机器人的科普类文章，主要让学生了解科普知识，陶冶学生学科学、爱科学、用科学的情操，进而培养学生的创新意识。1、B本题考查形容词的用法。根据实际情况，应该选unp
13、leasant。2、C本题考查连词的用法。however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，用逗号隔开。3、C本题考查动词辨析。本句的主语是it，故用take。4、A本题考查动词词组的辨析。根据上下文，可知选look like。5、B本题考查动词的用法。根据上下一致原则选择。6、B本题考查形容词的用法。联系上下文，可知。7、A本题考查副词的用法。用来举例说明某一论点或情况,作插入语用for exmaple。8、D本题考查介词的用法。“in+一段时间”用于一般将来时。9、C本题考查动名词的用法。动名词用作伴随状语。10、C本题考查副词的用词。根据but,选never.11、C本题考查形容词比较等级的用法。work不可数，用little的比较级less修饰。12、A本题考查名词的用法。根据下文选shapes。13、D本题考查代词的用法。someothers，“一些，另一些”。14、B本题考查时态。出现a hundred years ago, 用一般过去时。15、C本题考查宾语从句的引导词。联系上文可知。BIts said that many years ago clothes were made of animal skins. People started to wear clothes 1 they could keep themselves safe from th
