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1、2022年考博英语-湘潭大学考前提分综合测验卷（附带答案及详解）1. 单选题The（ ）on the surface of the female kangaroos abdomen serves as a place of refuge for the young, who can get at the milk glands without leaving their shelter.问题1选项A.patchB.porchC.paunchD.pouch【答案】D【解析】名词词义辨析题。要注意区分四个选项名词的不同意思。根据句意雌性袋鼠腹部表面的育儿袋是用来保护幼崽，使它们不需要离开这里 也能
2、够获得母亲的乳汁的。和常识可知空格处表示“育儿袋”。A选项parch意为“眼罩，斑点”；B选项porch意为“门廊，走廊”；C选项paunch意为“腹，大肚子”；D选项pouch意为“小袋，育儿袋”。D选项正确。2. 单选题In 1979 the Catholic Church finally forgives Galileo for claiming that the Earth and other planet revolved around the sun. In 1633 the examiners at the Minerva Church in Rome had found Gal
3、ileo guilty of heresy, spreading false beliefs.Galileo was sixty-eight years old at the time of his trial and was ill. After two days of continuous questioning and the treat of torture, Galileo, confessed to heresy and kneeled before the examiners, saying for all to here that his theories had been w
4、rong. The judge could have had Galileo burned at the stake for his beliefs, but because he had confessed, they were lenient with the astronomer. They sentenced him to an unlimited term in prison, but quickly changed the sentence to house arrest in his own home, effectively ending Galileos teaching c
5、areer.For year Galileo had believed that earlier theory that the start revolved around the Earth, was incorrect, but he kept out of respect for the Church. He had never finished his university studies in mathematics because he had run out of money, but his brilliant work as a student allowed him to
6、teach. He proved he uniform effect of gravity in series of brilliant calculations, for example, not by dropping a feather and a cannonball from the Learning Tower of Pisa, his home city, as is commonly thought.In 1606, though, Galileo learned of the invention of the telescope: he redesigned and impr
7、oved his own telescope in one day. Using the telescope to test his mathematical calculations, he also discovered Jupiters moons, the features of Earths moon, and the structure of the Milky Way. But while watching the movement of sunspots, he became convinced, once and for all, that the earlier astro
8、nomer, Copernicus, was right: the Earth and other planets orbited around the sun. The Earth wan one of many planets, and not the center of the universe. Galileo began to press for permission from Church to write about his theories of the world and in 1642 he received permission.His greatest book, co
9、ntrasting the two systems, was written and published eight years later. Dialogue Concerning the Two World Systems was quickly seen as a landmark scientific work, both for its ideas and its flue writing. But the Church meantime had its own problems with the Protestant Reformation. Church leaders now
10、considered Galileos work dangerous and revolutionary. A document was found that contradicted the permission Galileo though he had obtained to write about his theories. Galileo was then arrested and placed before the inquisition. Galileo died in 1642, blind and still imprisoned in his own home. He re
11、tained convinced that he had always been fight.The church 345 years later, finally agreed that he had been correct. The findings of the judges at Galileos trial were not reversed, even though their precise finding had been that the astronomer was Vehemently suspect of heresy. The findings of any inq
12、uisition, even the Galileo court-as well as notorious Spanish Inquisitionmust be flowed to stand, at least partly because their findings often resulted in death sentences for people accused of heresy. But in 1979, Pope John Paul addressed the August Pontifical Science Academy in the Vatican and offe
13、red apology to Galileo: The greatness of Galileo, like that of Einstein, is known to all. But the former had to suffer greatly; we cannot hide it, from Church institutions and men.The purpose of this passage is to（ ）.We can conclude from the passage that（ ）.The passage suggests that（ ）.The authors t
14、one is（ ）.问题1选项A.discuss why the Catholic Church persecuted GalileoB.provide a short biography of GalileoC.discuss the two theories of the solar systemD.show how science has progressed over the last three hundred years问题2选项A.Galileo was held prisoner in his home for nine years.B.the Catholic Church
15、has not accepted Galileos theory of the solar system.C.Galileo invented the telescope.D.the Protestants conducted the Inquisition.问题3选项A.the Catholic Church still believers the Earth is the center of the universe.B.Galileos theory has been proved incorrect in modem times.C.the Inquisition seldom dealt harshly with people who came before it.D.the Catholic Church was more concerned with maintaining the status quo in the 17th century than the truth about Galileos theory.问题4选项A.negativeB.objectiveC.sarcasticD.satirical【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:B【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了伽利略为“日心说”做出的努力以及遭受的追害，所以B选项
