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1、2022年考博英语-中央民族大学考前模拟强化练习题（附答案详解）1. 不定项选择题Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American Spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand
2、in the great game of espionage spying as a “profession”. These days the Net, which has already remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovans vocation as well.The latest revolution isnt simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemens e-mail. That kind of
3、electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it “open-source intelligence”, and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a con
4、test to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private
5、 intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at www.S.Straiford president George Frie
6、dman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymasters dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. “As soon as that report runs, well
7、suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine,” says Friedman, a former political science professor. “And well hear back from some of them.” Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. Thats where Straitford earns its keep.Fri
8、edman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firms outsider status as the key to its success. Straitfords briefs dont sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on t
9、he chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.1. The emergence of the Net has（ ）.2. Donovans story is mentioned in the text to（ ）.3. The phrase “making the biggest splash”（line 1, paragraph 3）most probably means（ ）.4. It can be learned from paragraph
10、4 that （ ）.5. Straitford is most proud of its （ ）.问题1选项A.received support from fans like DonovanB.remolded the intelligence servicesC.restored many common pastimesD.revived spying as a profession问题2选项A.introduce the topic of online spyingB.show how he fought for the USC.give an episode of the inform
11、ation warD.honor his unique services to the CIA问题3选项A.causing the biggest troubleB.exerting the greatest effortC.achieving the greatest successD.enjoying the widest popularity问题4选项A.Straitfords prediction about Ukraine has proved trueB.Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its informationC.Strai
12、tfords business is characterized by unpredictabilityD.Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information问题5选项A.official statusB.nonconformist imageC.efficient staffD.military background【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:C第4题:D第5题:B【解析】第1题:该题考查了考生对一段的文意的总体把握。解题的关键在于第一段的最后一句话：“These days the Net, which has alre
13、ady remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovans vocation as well.”其中考生要把握好“Donovans vocation”这个短语的含义，它指的就是“intelligence services”，也就是情报行业，而“reshape”意为改造，那么结合这两点就可以发现B选项就是这两点的转述说法，意为“改造了情报工作”。A选项错误在于Donovan并不是互联网的粉丝，因为从第一句虚拟语气可以看出在他的年代并没有互联网，因此A错误；C选项也不对，第一段写
14、的是“remade”和restored还是有区别的；选D选项的是考生没有区分“reshape”和“revive”的含义，revive意为使复活，从原文中我们并不能得到互联网什么时候消失过，所以也不存在复活，因此答案为B。第2题:该题需要考生有全局观念，它和文章大意相关，需要结合全文进行作答。作者举一个例子一定是为了体现他的主旨观点，因此，Donovan的故事也是一个引子，目的是引出作者真实想要表达的观点，这就是全文的重点和主旨，本文的主旨是在第一段的最后一句有体现，并且之后的几段也都是围绕着互联网影响了情报工作这一点来展开的，因此和这个主旨最匹配的是A选项。C选项并不对，因为全文的重点并不是信
15、息战争，只是提及了它而已。第3题:本题考查了考生对文中词组词义的猜测能力及对全文的掌握程度。这个词组的直译含义是“做出了最引人注目的效果”，如果不知道这个词组的含义也没有关系，我们可以从后文得知：Straitford是这个领域的新兴佼佼者，因此它肯定是在这个行业获得了成功的，而其他选项在全文中均无明显体现，找不到相关依据。第4题:本题考查了学生的推理及引申能力，考生需要对第四段有一个总体的把握和细节的追究。第四段主要讲了Friedman对于互联网的态度如何，以及他们公司是如何利用互联网来进行盈利的，文中举出了乌克兰（Ukraine）为例说明了他们公司利用网络对于形势的预测水平。A选项的说法是主观推断，因为文中并没有提及关于乌克兰的预测是否正确，属于过度推断；B选项说法太过绝对，根据常识我们也知道互联网的信息不能保证百分百正确，并且在文中第四段的最后一句说了“这些开放资源的利用也是有风险的”，这一句也提示了我们信息并不一定是百分百正确的；C选项说他们公司的特点是不可预测性，这一点在全文中均未体现，并且该公司就是做风险预测的，更不存在公司的特点是不可预测性这一说；D选项的话，根据第四段的最后一句，“互联网收集情报有风险，而该公司会帮助客户辨别信息真伪”可以推断出，该公司的信息还是有一定的可靠性的，虽然不能保证百分百真实，但是还是经过筛选的信息，较为可靠。第5
