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1、新课标高考英语重点语法范例第一周派生词在新课标全国卷的语法填空题中，有涉及单词的形式变化的题目。此外，新考纲要求考生掌握3000多个英语单词。因此，掌握常用派生词的构词方法不仅能帮助同学们做好语法填空题，还能帮助同学们扩大词汇量，为同学们在高考中稳操胜券奠定基础。一、名词后缀1动词 ion/tion /sion名词(表示动作或动作过程)correctv改正；纠正correctionn改正celebratev庆祝celebrationn庆祝；庆祝会concludev完成；结束conclusionn结论；结束2动词 er/or名词(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人)drivev驾驶开车；驱赶dr
2、ivern司机；驾驶员gatherv聚集；采集gatherern收集者；采集者conductv指挥；管理conductorn指挥；售票员3动词ment名词punishv惩罚punishmentn惩罚4动词/形容词th名词warmadj.温暖的warmthn温暖growv生长growthn生长5形容词y名词difficultadj.困难的difficultyn困难honestadj.诚实的honestyn诚实6形容词ness名词kindadj.善良的kindnessn善良7动词 ance名词annoyvt.使烦恼annoyancen生气；烦恼8ship结尾的名词(表示身份；关系；资格) memb
3、ern成员；会员membershipn会员资格professorn教授professorshipn教授身份9ing结尾的名词gardenn花园gardeningn园艺greetv打招呼；问候greetingsn问候针对训练语篇填空(用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文)AFromthe1.expression (express) onMarysface, heknewheleftabad2.impression (impress) onherandifshewonthe3.election (elect) tobecomechairmanoftheEnvironment4.Organization
4、 (organize), hecouldnotgether5.permission(permit) tojoinitalthoughhewaswillingtodohisbittoridtheworldof6.pollution (pollute) andtohelppeopleenjoyabetterearth.Whenhewaswonderinghowtochangethisembarrassingsituation, hegot7.inspiration (inspire) fromhiswifeswords.Yes, heshouldtryhisbesttowintheelection
5、andbecomechairmanhimselfwithhis8.determination (determine) toworkfortheorganization.“Mydear, youarereallyawonderful9.helper (help)！ImsureIwillbethe10.winner (win) oftheelection.”Hesaidtohiswifeexcitedly.BItwasreallyahardtimewhenLiPingfirstcametotheUnitedStates.His1.earnings (earn) couldhardlycoverth
6、eexpenses, sowhenhiswifegave2.birth (bear) totheirseconddaughter, theycouldnotaffordenoughnutritionfood.Soon, poornutritioncausedthe3.death (die) ofthepoorbaby.4.Loneliness (lonely) wasanotherproblembecausetheyhadno5.relations (relate) orfriendsthere.Thankstohis6.bravery (brave) and7.perseverance (p
7、ersevere), hemanagedtogainthe8.citizenship (citizen) oftheUnitedStatesandintheendhehadhispermanent9.settlement (settle)Healwaystellshischildrenlikethis: Perseveranceleadsto10.happiness (happy) andsuccess.二、形容词后缀1常见形容词后缀(1)名词al形容词(表示“有属性”， “与有关”)agriculturen农业agriculturaladj.农业的(2)动词ive形容词decidev决定；下
8、决心decisiveadj.决定性的；关键的(3)动词able形容词(表示“能够”，“适于”，“值得”)changev变化；兑换changeableadj.易变的；变化无常的(4)名词 ful形容词caren小心；关心carefuladj.小心的；仔细的(5)名词less形容词(意思与原名词相反)caren.小心；关心carelessadj.粗心的(6)名词ly形容词friendn朋友friendlyadj.友好的(7)名词y形容词dirtn污物；脏物dirtyadj.脏的(8)名词ous形容词dangern危险dangerousadj.危险的2复合形容词的构成(1)形容词ing分词easyg
9、oing随和的(2)形容词名词edkindhearted善良的；好心的(3)名词ed分词watercovered被水覆盖的(4)副词ed分词wellwritten写得好的(5)数词名词edthreelegged三条腿的针对训练.阅读下列句子，写出画线单词的意思1Itfeelslikeanunbelievablestrokeofluckoffate, really.(2012四川高考阅读C)()2Thegoodworkingconditioninthiscityisattractive.()3Youcanrelyonhimbecauseheisreliable.()4Herwordsstruck
10、fearintoherheartsothatshewassleeplessallnightlong, afraidofbeingkilledunexpectedlysomeday.()5Itwasafrostycoldmorningwhenhesetofffortheremotevillage.()答案：1.不可思议的；难以置信的2.吸引人的3.可依赖的；靠得住的4.没有睡觉的；不眠的5.有霜的.语篇填空A：用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文Lmunicative (communicate)Sheis2.active (act) inansweringtheteachersquestionsan
11、dfromtimetotimeherclassmatesfindheranswersquite3.impressive (impress) and4.acceptable (accept).Ofcourse, noteverystudentlikesher, butshehasmanyfriendswhothinkLucyisa5.creative (create) and6.helpful (help) girl.Forexample, sheonceleda7.homeless (home) childtoherhomeandmadethechildheryoungersister.Bes
12、ides, shespent8.countless (count) hourscaringforasickneighboruntilshewaswellagain.Sheis9.friendly (friend) tothosewhohavedifficultywiththeirsubjects.Allinall, Lucyisthemost10.famous (fame) girlinherschool.B：运用所学构词知识完成下列短文Ourjourneywasfarreachingamongstsnowcovered/capped (雪封的) mountainswherenoEnglish
13、speaking (说英语的) peoplelive.Thelocalpeoplearegoodlooking (相貌好看的), easygoing (随和的) andhardworking (勤劳的)Ourhostesswasoldaged (年老的)，whitehaired (白发苍苍的) andsunburnt (被太阳晒伤的)Shegavemehomemade (自家做的) yaksmilkcake, lookingselfsatisfied (自足的) asIenjoyedthisraretreatalthoughverywellknown (著名) andwidespread (广
14、泛流传) aroundhere.IwasexhaustedwhenIfellintothereadymade (准备好了的) bedshepreparedforme.三、动词词缀1前缀en形容词动词enrichv丰富enlargev变大；增大；扩大2形容词en动词shortenv缩短widenv加宽3fy结尾的动词simplifyv简化classifyv归类4ize结尾的动词realizev认识到popularizev普及针对训练.阅读下列句子，写出画线部分的意思1Extracurricularactivitiesenablethestudentstoknowhowtoapplytheknow
15、ledgelearnedinthetextbooks.()2Thetwocountriesaretryingtheirbesttonormalize_their_relationship.()3.Somethinkthatstudyingabroadcanbroaden_their_horizons.()4Youwillhorrifythebabyifyouspeaktooloudly.()答案：1.使能够2.使关系正常化3.拓宽视野4.使惊惧.用所给单词的适当形式填空1Tryyourbesttomemorize (memory) thesenewwords.2Thequestionmustbesimplified (simple) sothatwe
