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1、定 语 从 句 The Attributive Clause英语句子结构分析一、简单句句子成分01 The train has arrived. She dances beautifully. Kates uncle lives in a village. 主语 谓语 主 谓 状语 主 谓 地点状语主语：动作的执行者，名词、代词、-ing形式、不定式to do等可以作主语。谓语：表示动作，由动词担任。英语句子不同时态、语态形式都在谓语部分体现。状语：修饰谓语，由副词或其它结构担任，表示时间、地点、程度、方式、原因、目的、条件等。02 His parents bought a pair of s
2、hoes. Toms father bought him a new bike yesterday.主 谓 宾语 主 谓 间宾 直宾 时间状语宾语：动作的对象，名词、代词、-ing形式、不定式to do等可以作宾语。有的动词如bring、give、buy、offer等可以带两个宾语，一个指人（间接宾语），另个指物（直接宾语）。注意：只有及物动词（Vt.）才能直接带宾语，不及物动词（Vi.）后面不能直接跟宾语。03 The nine-year-old boy gave Tom and me a beautiful birthday present last Sunday.定语 主 谓 间宾 定语
3、 直宾 时间状语定语：放在（主语或宾语）名词前修饰名词，由形容词或其它结构担任。Please give me the book on the shelf.(祈使句，省略主语you) 谓 间宾 直宾 定语（后置）04 London is the capital of England.主 系动词 表语 （“系动词+表语”构成“系表结构”，作谓语）05 The food tastes good. The teacher looks angry. The boy felt sad.主 系动词 表语 主 系 表 主 系 表表语：跟在系动词后面。常见系动词有be、look（看起来）、sound（听起来）、
4、smell（闻起来）、taste（尝起来）、feel（感觉，感到）、seem（似乎），表示变化的become、get、turn等注意：以上动词若表示其它含义，就不是系动词，而是行为动词，后面就不能带形容词作表语。注意下面两句中look的不同含义： The little boy looked at the paintings very happily. The little boy looked unhappy. 定 主 谓 宾 状语（副词） 定 主 系 表（形容词）06 The meeting on Friday was put off because of the heavy rain.主
5、定语（后置） 谓语（被动语态） 原因状语07 They did everything to save the workers life. He was strong enough to raise the heavy box.主 谓 宾 目的状语 主 系 表 结果状语08 The old man told me to go there by underground.主 谓 宾 宾补 方式状语1. The man is Jim2. The man（who/that is wearing a red coat ）is Jim.句子作定语.2. Wen Jiabao is the man who/t
6、hat is wearing a red coat.that/who is giving a talk.句子作定语Learnding Aimsv 知道定语从句、先行词的概念v 能熟练使用关系代词who/whom/whose/which/thatv 能简单使用关系副词where/when/whyv 能区分关系词在定语从句中的成分v 知道特定使用关系代词that和who的情况Mary is a beautiful girl. 形容词作定语Mary is a girl who has long hair. 句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句定语从句比一比：定语从句Mary is a girl
7、who has long hair.先行词 关系词关系代词which, who, whom, whose, that关系副词Where, when, why用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1. The students (who dont study hard) will not pass the exam. 先行词 定语从句主句: The students will not pass the exam.2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our English teacher.
8、先行词 定语从句主句: The woman is our English teacher.从句的主语：you从句的宾语：whom3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes).主句：A shoe shop is a shop.从句的主语:which4. The book (that you want) is on the desk.主句The book is on the desk.从句的主语: you从句的宾语：that引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who whom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语
9、从句的一个成份。The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the next room.主语I lost the book( that/which ) you gave me).宾语如果先行词是人, 关系代词可用 who, whom, whose, that，它们的用法区别：who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解Whom 作定语从句的宾语
10、The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解whose 作定语从句的定语.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.
11、关系代词的用法归纳：that,既指人又指物，作主语或宾语。 which,指物，作主语或宾语。 who, whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1) A plane is a machine _ can fly.2) The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3) The students _ dont study hard will not pass the exam.4) The woman _ you saw in the park is our English teach
12、er.5) He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.1).先行词是anyone, someone, those时，关系词使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall are our friends. Is there anyone who wants to go there?2). 在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There
13、are many young men who are against him.Who，that在指人时,可以通用,但下列宜用who,不用that用who, whom, that, whose填空1 Do you know the woman _ you met at the gate?2 The person to _ you just talked is Mr Li.3 Were looking for a thief _ likes stealing necklace.4 Who is the man _ is reading the book over there?5 The babie
14、s _ the nurses are looking after are healthy.6 The boy _ parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now.7 This dictionary is for the students _ first language isnt English.8 He has a friend _ father is a doctor.9 I once lived in a house _ roof （房顶）has fallen in.Who whom who that whom whose whose如果先行词指物, 关系代词可用which或that在什么情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which？Is it the one that you want ? 1
