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1、精品文档1. the work that prese ntedfor the first time in En glish literature,a comprehe nsive realistic pictureof the medieval En glish society and created a whole gallery of vivid character from all walks of life is Geoffrey Chaucers The Ca nterbury Tales.在英国文学里提到的作品里，第一次全面逼真地刻画了中世纪英国社会，创造了一个来自各行各业的生动画
2、面的作品是杰弗里 乔叟的坎特伯 雷故事集。2. Geoffrey Chaucer is regarded as the father of English poetry.乔叟被视为英文诗歌之父，3. The verse form of heroic couplet was in troduced into En glish poetry and employed in the poemwith true ease and charm for the first time in the history of En glish literature by Geoffrey Chaucer. 在英国
3、文学史上，第一次在英文诗中引入英雄对联诗体，真正方便和体现了诗的魅力，是有乔叟开始的。4. The Can terbury Tales prese nts a whole gallery of vivid characters,the team of pilgrims,people from all walks of life,i ncludi ng 31 members altogether. 坎特伯雷故事集呈现的是从各行各业的所有人的生动的人物形象，比如朝圣者的队伍，其中一共包括31名成员。5. Ge nerally,Re naissa nee refers to the in telle
4、ctual moveme nt duri ng the period betwee n 14th andmid-17th cen turies,its esse nee was huma nism.般来说，文艺复兴时期指的是从14世纪到17世纪的智力运动，它的本质是人文精神。6. E nglish Ren aissa nee Period was an age of poetry and drama.英国文艺复兴时期是诗歌和戏剧的时代。7. William Shakespeares writing is widely regarded as one of the three main sour
5、ces of the En glish literature,while the other two are Greek and Roma n myths and the Bible. 威廉莎士比 亚的作品被广泛视为英国文献的三个主要来源之一，其他两个是希腊和罗马的神话和圣经。8. William Shakespeare leaves a great body of literary work to the world,i ncludi ng 37 plays,154sonnets and 2 narrative poems. 威廉莎士比亚留下了伟大的文学作品，包括37部戏剧，154首14行诗
6、和2个叙事诗。9.ln reading Shakespeare,you must have come across the line ” To be or not to be-that is the question ” by Hamlet in Hamlet 在阅读莎士比亚的哈姆雷特这篇文章时，你一定见到过Hamlet所说的生存还是毁灭，这是个问题”。10. “So long as men can breathe,or eyes can see./So long lives this ,and this gives life to thee. ” (Shakespeare,Sonnet 18
7、)The word “this ” refers to poetry.只要人类在呼吸，眼睛看得见 / 这诗就活着，使你的生命绵延。”(莎士比亚十四行诗第 18首)“this”是指诗歌11.Shakespeare s four great tragedies include Hamlet,King Lear,Othello,and Macbeth,usually con sidered as some of the fin est works in the En glish Ian guage. 莎士比亚四大悲剧包括 哈姆雷 特、李尔王、奥赛罗、麦克白，通常被认为是英文作品中一些最优秀作品。12
8、.ln Romeo and Juliet,Shakespeare s humanism is evidently seen in his praise of human love and in his defiance of feudal discord. 在罗密欧与朱丽叶中 ，莎士比亚的人文主义是在对 人类的爱的赞美和对封建纷争的无视中体现出来的。13. A sonnet is a poem of 14 lin es.usually in iambic pen tameter with rhymes arran ged accord ing toa centain definite patt
9、erns.十四行诗是指有14行的诗歌。通常是五音步抑扬格与韵根据某种明确的方式排列的。14. Fra ncis Bac ons words, Some books are to be tasted,others to be swallowed,a nd some few to be chewed and digested that is,some books are to be read in parts,others to be read,but not curiously,and some few to be read wholly,and with diligenee and atten
10、tion, ” describes the importanee of reading and differenee ways to deal with different books as well. 弗朗西斯 培根说过，“有一些书浅尝即可，有一些可囫囵吞枣，有些书则需要细嚼慢咽，好好消化，一些书是只 阅读一部分，另一些可以读，但不要太挑剔。另一些要凭借勤奋和注意力全部阅读。”描述了阅读的重要性和不同的方式来处理不同的书籍。15. The Glorious Revolutio n in 1688 meant the supremacy of Parliame nt ,the begi nni
11、ng of moder n England and the triumph of the principle of politically liberty. 1688 年的光荣革命意味着议会 至上，现代英国的开端和政治自由的原则的胜利。16. Metaphysical poetry refers to the works of the 17th-century writers who wrote under thein flue nee of Joh n Donn e,with the gen eral theme of carpe diem.形而上学的诗歌是指， 随着及时行乐的普遍主题，在
12、17世纪受约翰多恩影响的作家所写的作品。17、 John Donne in his poem The Flea claim that killing the lover，the flea and thus committing sacrilege constitute three sins .约翰邓恩在其诗作跳蚤与爱情中称杀死爱人、跳 蚤和任性亵渎神灵乃是三大原罪。18、Epic is a long verse narrative on a serious subject，told in a formal and elevated style，andcen tered on a heroic
13、or quasi-divi ne figure on whose actions depe nds the fate of a tribe，n ati on or the human race.史诗属于一种记述重大历史事件的长篇韵文，格式通常正式、严肃，其 中心往往围绕可以决定一个部落、民族甚至全人类命运的英雄，或者说已经几乎被尊崇成了神的人物。十九、 Enlightens believed that freedom， democracy，and reason are the primary values the society.启蒙主义者认为社会的价值在于自由、平等和博爱。20、In Rob
14、inson Crusoe，Defoe traces the growth of Robinson from a na? ve and simple youth into a mature and harde ned man，tempered by nu merous trials in his 28 years of livi ng on an isolated isla nd.笛福在其著作鲁滨逊漂流记中叙述了主人公鲁滨逊从一个天真的和简单的青年 变成一个成熟的和坚强的人的故事，他在廿八年的孤岛生涯里创造了无数的奇迹。21、In Robinson Crusoe，the hero Crusoe
15、teaches a slave named Friday to speak English andbelieved in God and eat like a civilized ma n.在鲁滨逊漂流记中，英雄人物鲁滨逊教会了奴隶星期五讲英语、信上帝并像社会人那样吃饮等行为。22、The revolutionary enthusiasm of the bourgeois revolution and the bitter hatred for thedespotic ruler are best show n in the works of John Milto n.约翰弥尔顿的作品极好的展
16、现了资产阶级的革命热忱和对独裁者满腔的阶级仇恨。23、Gulliver s Travel written by Jonathan Swift is one of the most effective and devastatingcriticism and satires of all aspects of the En glish and Europea n life of the time. 乔纳森斯威夫 特的著作格列佛游记乃是同时代最脍炙人口、最影响深远的批判和讽刺文学之一，其内容深入到了当时英国人和欧洲人生活的方方面面。24、According to Swift，Gulliver made voyages to Lilliput，Brobdingnag，L
