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1、考研英语阅读理解细节题解题顺序及真题讲解考研英语阅读理解细节题解题顺序及真题讲解细节事实题是考研英语阅读理解当中最重要的题型，也是占据比重最大的题型，每年根本20道题目中有一半都是细节事实题。接下来我们来讲解一下解题顺序：1.标志：fact， truth;时间，数字，地点，大写字母，钱;专有名词。2.根据题干中的标志词返回原文定位：考生一定要每道题目都返回原文，这是解任何题目的根底，很多考生阅读得不了高分得最重要原因就是不返回原文定位。然而考研和四、六级考试不一样，四、六级考试每道题目根本都能定位到原文的某一句话，而考研直白地考一句话的概率很小，根本都是定位在某一段。3.经常考察的是对原文中一
2、些细节性、详细信息的阅读，因此一定要准确理解原文这就是考验最大的特点，就是考察的非常细，不光光是一个句子，甚至于一个单词，一个标点符号都要正确理解。4.正确选项应与原文同义表达：我们把选项和原文重叠，记住“本本”，即与原文意思接近的，差不多的为正确答案，与原文意思相反的，或者只要是文中未提及的都是错的。接下来我们详细以真题为例来阐述一下我们的解题步骤，如2000年第一篇文章：It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably， th
3、e retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial petitiveness. Some huge American industries， such as consumer electronics， had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign petition. By 1987 there was only one American te
4、levision maker left， Zenith. (Now there is none： Zenith was bought by South Koreas LG Electronics in July.) Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. Americas machine-tool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors， which Amer
5、ica had which sat at the heart of the new puter age， was going to be the next casualty.52. The loss of US predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American_.A TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic marketB semiconductor industry had been taken over by fore
6、ign enterprisesC machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actionsD auto industry had lost part of its domestic market首先我们审题，根据题干中的1980s(数字)，我们可以定位到原文第二段。然后逐一看选项A“电视工业萎缩回到了国内市场(即：该工业失去了国际市场)。”“根据第二段，到80年代中期，面对其工业竞争力的日益衰退，美国人感到无计可施(at a loss)，美国某些大的行业如电子消费品在园际竞争的压力下，面临萎缩或消亡的威胁。到1987年为止，美国仅存的
7、电视制造商只有Zenith 一家了(如今已荡然无存：Zenith于7月份指文章写作年代的7月份被韩国LG电子收买了)。这里并没有直接提到美国电视失去国际市场，事实上，它连国内市场也保不住了。因此A选项错误。B”半导体行业被外国公司接收。“第二段最后一句提到，在一段时间内，半导体制造业看上去好似要成为下一个受害者。”看上去好似“的潜台词就是”事实上并不是如此“，因此B与原文意思相反。C”机械制造业自取_“，第二段提到了机械制造业”岌岌可危 “。这显然也是说它正在失去国内外市场，并未提到它的_是由其自身原因造成的。on the ropes解释为”岌岌可危“并不解释为”自杀“。而第二段第六句提到，进
8、口车和纺织品涌进(美国)国内市场。由此可知：D”汽车制造业失去了局部国内市场“与原文意思一致。选项D为正确答案。正如笔者前文所述，考研的特点是精读，而且选项极具诱惑性，接下来我们来看看考研阅读理解之中常见的诱惑手段：1.单词交换：因为考研更强调考生理解单词的深度，因此单词交换是考研常用的诱惑手段。详细又可以分为两大类：A)词义曲解：中选项中出现一个单词，经常是一词多义的时候，考生应警觉选项中的意思很有可能和原文的意思是不一样的。41. To make your humor work， you shouldA take advantage of different kinds of audien
9、ce.B make fun of the disorganized people.C address different problems to different people.D show sympathy for(同情)your listeners.很多考生没有能正确识别两个sympathy的意思，而误选了选项D.B)貌似同义改写：中选项中出现一个单词和原文中一个单词非常相似，或者就是一个词，只要词性发生变化，一般都是错误答案。如2023年第二篇：“Can this merely be coincidence? One theory， dreamt up in all the spare
10、 time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged， is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school， teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front， to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row， and is rarely a
11、sked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape(幸运的逃脱了)。 Yet the result may be worse qualifications， because they get less individual attention， as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.”48、T
12、he 4th paragraph suggests thatA questions are often put to the more intelligent students.B alphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from class.(逃学)C teachers should pay attention to all of their students.D students should be seated according to their eyesight.两个同是escape，只是原文中是一个名词，解释为逃脱;选项是动词解释为逃学。2.因果颠倒：这类选项诱惑性很强，因为原因和结果都和原文一样，只是把原文的原因作为结果，结果作为原因。因此考生在原文中只要读到因果关系的时候，就一定要清楚的分辨出哪一个原因，哪一个是结果。第 页 共 页
