形容词、副词教案

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1、形容词、副词教案一、形容词、副词的作用与位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的,常被放在名词前作定语,或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形 容词、 动词, 其他副词或者句子, 一般位于形容词之前, 动词之后或句子之首。 以下属几种特殊情况, 须牢记;( 1)形容词短语作定语,定语后置。a language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet high( 2)表语形容词 ( afraid 、 alike 、 alone 、 asleep 、 awake 、 alive 等) 作定语, 定语后置。 如 a man alive 。有些表

2、身体健康状况的形容词如well 、 faint 、 ill 只作表语。 sick 既可作表语又可作定语, ill如作定语意为 “ bad”。A fish alive= a living fish 一条活鱼My husband was a great comfort to me when my son was ill . 我儿子生病时,丈夫给了我极大的安慰。You should not speak ill of your friend. 你不应该说你朋友的坏话。a sick pers on, ani mal, pla nt 患病的人、 动物、 植物She has been sick for we

3、eks. 她已病了好几个星期了feeling sick 觉得恶心( 3)用作定语,修饰由不定代词 one 、no 、any 、some 和 every 构成的复合词如 anything 、something 等时,通常后置。如:I have something important to tell you.( 4) else 常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。Something elsenothing else who else( 5) enough 、 nearby 修饰名词前置或后置,程度副词一般位于形容词、副词前面, enough 修饰 形容词、副词时,必须后置。Enough time

4、足够的时间Fast enough 足够快(6)几个副词并列作状语时,其顺序较灵活,但一般是:方式t地点t时间。女口:We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday.( 7)频度副词如 often 、always 、usually 等在 be 动词后,行为动词前。( 8)副词作定语,定语后置。如:The person there is waiting for you.(9)几个并列的形容词作定语,其语序通常为:限定语(The、A) + 描绘性形容词 + size (大小)+ shape (形状) + age (年龄、时间) + color (颜色

5、) + origin (国籍、来源) + material (材料) + purpose (目的) + 名词。如: a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella,the man s fsirt tow interesting little red French oil paintings( 10 )以 -ly 结尾的词性辨析。 下列单词以 -ly 结尾, 但却是形容词而非副词: lively 、lonely 、lovely 、deadly 、friendly 、ugly 、silly 、 likely 、brotherly 、 timely 等。 表原意(无-ly

6、)和引申意(有-ly)的副词: deep 深deeply 深入地修饰静止状态或介词短语,表示深夜或用于复合词中等,通常用 deep 。如: He sat there deep in thought. 他坐在那儿深思。The meeting continued deep into the night. 会议一直开到深夜。修饰形容词、过去分词等,一般要用deeply。如:I am deeply grateful to you. 我衷心感谢你He was deeply moved by at the story.听了这个故事,他深受感They had to dig deep to reach wat

7、er.他们挖得很深才挖到水。You have offended him deeply.你冒犯他可不轻。She stood close agai nst the wall.她紧挨着墙站着。The police were watching him closely.警察在密切监视他。探wide widely close closely high highlyDo you see that butterfly flying high above the street?The disti nguished guests were highly praised.He flu ng the door wid

8、e ope n.他猛地把门开得大大的。We were widely different on many questions.我们在许多问题上分歧很大。hard, hardly ; late, lately ; most, mostlyHe works hard all day.他整天都在使劲地干活。He hardly works at all.他很少干活。You have come too late .你来得太晚了。Have you see him lately?你最近见到过他吗?.The person who talks most is often the one who does leas

9、t.说得最 多的人常常干得最少。The audienee consisted mostly of women.观众大部分是女的。二、形容词和副词的比较等级1.原级的用法形容词的原级常用于 asas及not as(so)as两种句型中.(1)句型asas,表示两者相比较,程度相同.例如:The old man walks as fast as a young man.这位老人走路与年轻人一样快.Science is as importa nt as maths.自然科学与数学一样重要.This coat is as expe nsive as that one.这件上衣与那件一样贵.句型not

10、as(so)as表示两者相比较,前者不如后者.例如:Im not as tall as Jack.我没有杰克高.She does nt run so fast as I.她没有我跑得快.This warship is not so big as that one.这艘军舰没有那艘大 .在使用asas与not as(so)as 结构时,应该特别注意asas或not as(so)as 中间 的形容词必须是原级.X almost, nearly, just, exactly也可以放在 as as 前(3)需要注意的形容词的原级用法 : 数词+times +as+形容词原级+as(是的几倍).例如:T

11、his tree is twice as short as that one.这棵树比那棵树矮一倍.My scores are three times as many as yours.我的分数是你的三倍 .This road is four times as wide as that one.这条马路的宽度是那条的四倍 half +as+形容词原级+as(的一半).例如:My English is not half as good as yours. 我的英语不如你的一半好 .This town is half as big as ours.这个城镇有我们城镇的一半大The rivers i

12、n the n orth arent half as many as those in the south.北方的河流不如南方的一半多. asas结构中,若形容词作定语修饰可数名词单数,不定冠词a(an)应置于形容词与名词之间.例如:En glish is as importa nt a subject as maths.英语是和数学同样重要的一门学科Uncle Wang is as good a man as my father.王叔叔是与我父亲同样好的一个人This is as famous a school as ours.这是一所与我们学校同样著名的学校2比较级的用法1) 、对方比较,

13、表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级+ than ”的结构表示。如:This picture is more beautiful tha n that one.2) 、表示一方不及另一方时,用“less +原级+ than 的结构表示。如:This room is less beautiful tha n that one.3) 、表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时,用“the +比较级(主语 +谓语),the +比较级(主语 +谓语)”的结构(意为越越”)。如:The harder he works, the happier he feels.The more books we read, the

14、cleverer we will become.我们读的书越多,就会变得越聪明 .The more trees, the better.树越多越好 .The sooner, the better.越早越好.The more exercise we take, the healthier we are.我们越锻炼 ,身体就越健康 .4) 、不与其他事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时,用“比较级+ and +比较级”的结构。意为“越 来越”如:The weather is getting colder and colder.The girl becomes more and more beautifu

15、l.The park is gett ing more and more beautiful.这个公园变得越来越美了.China had become stron ger and stron ger.中国已变得越来越强大了.5 )、the+比较级+of the two 两个中较的一个.例如:Id like to go to the farther of the two places.我愿意去两个地方中更远的那个地方She is the fatter of the two girls. 她是那两个女孩中较胖的一个6 )、比较级+than any other+单数名词比其他任何 都例如:Li Lei is taller tha n any other boy in his class.李雷比他班上其他任何一个男孩都高.(暗指李雷最高)The population of Ch ina is larger than any others in the world.中国的人口比世界上其他任何国家的人口都多.(暗指中国人口最多)7) 、某些以-ior结尾的形容

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