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1、滴定管的校正摘要：滴定管是滴定时用来准确测量流出的操作溶液体积的量器。有酸式滴定管和 碱式滴定管两种。最常用的是容积为50mL的滴定管，其读数可达小数点后两位。 由于玻璃具有热胀冷缩的特性，在不同的温度下容量器皿的的容积也有所不同。 关键词：碱式滴定管、酸式滴定管、分析天平、绝对校正、仪器和试剂：酸式滴定管、碱式滴定管、分析天平、带塞的50mL锥形瓶、锥形瓶、凡士 林、烧杯、水前言：滴定管是滴定时用来准确测量流出的操作溶液体积的量器。常量分析最常用 的是容积为50mL的滴定管，其最小刻度是O.lmL，最小刻度间可估计到O.OlmL， 一般读数误差为0.02mL。滴定管一般分为两种：一种是具塞滴
2、定管，称为酸式 滴定管；另一种是无塞滴定管，常称碱式滴定管。酸式滴定管用来装酸性及氧化 性溶液，不能装碱性溶液；碱式滴定管用来装碱性溶液及无氧化性溶液。由于玻璃具有热胀冷缩的特性，滴定管在使用时会因为环境的温度变化而体 积也有所不同。在校正时常用的标准方法为衡量法。即用天平称得滴定管放出谁 的质量，然后根据水的质量和密度，计算出水的实际容积。实验步骤：在实验前，应将实验所用仪器清洗干净擦干，滴定管要检漏。再在滴定管中， 装满纯水，调节刻度在二“刻度，并记下读数，按正确的操作的方法，放出10mL 水于已称量的锥形瓶中塞紧盖子称出瓶和水的总质量，两次质量之差即为水的质 量，用同样的方法测出滴定管各
3、部分的实际容积。将所得数据绘图连线即得滴定 管的校正曲线。数据处理：由实验记录数据可得以下校正值及校正图:酸式滴定管的校正V读V表瓶+水水重V计V校V总校正0.03057.66000010.110.0767.6039.9439.963924-0.10608-0.1060815.024.9272.6045.0015.0115240.091524-0.0145520.014.9977.6185.0145.0245520.0345520.0225.045.0382.64.9824.992484-0.03752-0.01752304.9687.5044.9044.91432-0.04568-0.063
4、234.994.9992.424.9164.926345-0.06365-0.1268540.095.197.4655.0455.055617-0.04438-0.1712345.084.99102.3884.9234.93336-0.05664-0.2278749.0914.011107.1664.7784.7880550.7770550.5491810057.55600009.929.9267.4579.9019.9218360.0018360.00183615.085.1672.5665.1095.119751-0.04025-0.0384120.074.9977.5624.9965.0
5、065140.016514-0.021924.984.9182.444.8784.888265-0.02173-0.0436329.964.9887.4074.9674.977453-0.00255-0.0461835.055.0992.4885.0815.0916930.001693-0.0444939.984.9397.3464.8584.868223-0.06178-0.1062745.015.03102.3735.0275.0375790.007579-0.0986949.984.97107.2394.8664.87624-0.09376-0.192450.05057.56400001
6、0.019.9667.5069.9429.9629220.0029220.00292215.255.2472.7685.2625.2730730.0330730.03599620.024.7777.5344.7664.776030.006030.04202524.994.9782.4744.944.950396-0.01960.022421305.0187.4614.9874.997495-0.012510.00991635.095.0992.4885.0275.037579-0.05242-0.0425140.044.9597.3194.8314.841166-0.10883-0.15134
7、44.944.9102.134.8114.821124-0.07888-0.2302149.985.04107.0724.9424.9524-0.0876-0.31781碱式滴定管的校正V读V表瓶+水水重V计V校V 总校正0057.77600009.989.9867.7239.9479.967933-0.01207-0.0120715.045.0672.825.0975.1077260.0477260.03565920.024.9877.8034.9834.9934860.0134860.04914524.974.9582.7184.9154.925343-0.024660.02448830.
8、015.0487.7645.0465.0566190.0166190.04110735.085.0792.8245.065.0706480.0006480.04175640.064.9897.8014.9774.9874740.0074740.04922945.995.93102.7264.9254.935364-0.99464-0.9454149.913.92107.3254.5994.6086780.688678-0.256730.02057.6680009.999.9767.67810.0110.031070.0610650.06106515.075.0872.745.0625.0726
9、53-0.007350.05371820.024.9577.74.964.9704380.0204380.07415624.944.9282.6124.9124.9223370.0023370.07649330.045.187.7055.0935.1037180.0037180.0802134.994.9592.644.9354.945385-0.004610.07559640.035.0496.6724.0324.040485-0.99951-0.923921 0 2045.115.08102.7216.0496.061730.981730.0578149.934.82107.5124.79
10、14.801082-0.018920.0388930.02057.570000109.9867.58310.01310.034070.0540720.05407214.994.9972.5744.9915.0015030.0115030.06557520.075.0877.6095.0355.045596-0.03440.0311724.984.9182.4954.8864.896282-0.013720.01745329.954.9787.5115.0165.0265560.0565560.07400835.085.1392.5185.0075.017537-0.11246-0.038454
11、04.9297.4924.9744.9844670.0644670.026013455102.494.9985.0085180.0085180.03453149.954.95107.1244.6344.643752-0.30625-0.27172酸式滴定管校正1304050E-0 .2 -304 050価亍涪的谆数/ML滴定管诣数M1L结果讨论：由实验数据和图可知，酸式滴定管在20mL30mL范围内的误差不大。在滴 定精度要求不高时可以正常使用。碱式滴定管在 20mL30mL 的范围内误差不大， 校正值呈正值。当滴定精度要求不高时可以使用。造成滴定管的校正值在40mL 以后变化过大可能的原因是未能准确的读出滴定管末尾的读数。参考文献：分析化学实验四川大学化工学院 浙江大学化学系编 高等教育出版 社分析化学 武汉大学编 高等教育出版社
