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1、2022年考博英语-中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 翻译题2. Mobile phones have renewed the interpersonal relationships. There is usually a notice on the door of the meeting room, which reads, “Please turn off your mobile phones during the meeting!” Still, the meeting room invariably echoes with the mobile rin
2、gs. Although we are all ordinary people with few matters of great urgency, we will not turn off our mobile phones unless absolutely necessary. Turning on the mobile phones is a symbol of our contact with the world. Mobile phones reflect our hunger for social communication, as can always be seen in a
3、 phone user who comes to a sudden halt on his way, staring at the screen of his mobile phone for texting regardless of whether he is in the middle of a road or by a public toilet.【答案】2. 手机刷新了人与人之间的关系。会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机。可是会议室里的手机铃声仍然响成一片。我们都是普通人，并没有多少重要的事情。尽管如此，我们也不会轻易关掉手机。打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。手机反映出我
4、们的“社交饥渴症”。最为常见的是，一个人走在路上突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信，他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。2. 单选题It can be painful for parents when their children feel out of sync with others, but it is unwise _ on the importance of fitting in; children get enough of that message in the outside world.问题1选项A.laying a lot of importanceB.to put too
5、much emphasisC.to give a large amount of concernD.throwing a great deal of anxiety【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. laying a lot of importance强调重要性 B. to put too much emphasis强调重要性C. to give a large amount of concern大量关注 D. throwing a great deal of anxiety造成极大的焦虑【考查点】固定搭配。【解题思路】根据unwise可知，unwise to do是固定搭配，表示“做某事是不
6、明智的”，根据句意“当孩子感到与他人不同步时，父母可能会感到痛苦，但_重要性是不明智的”可知，空格处表示“过分强调，过分关注”符合句意，所以B项符合。【干扰项排除】A项importance一般和attach搭配；C项concern是不可数名词，要用much搭配；D项不符合unwise to do（做某事不明智）的搭配。【句意】当孩子感到与他人不同步时，父母可能会感到痛苦，但过分强调融入的重要性是不明智的；孩子们从外面的世界中已经足够了解这一点了。3. 单选题_ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.问题1选项A
7、.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A. That那个 B. Which哪个C. As作为 D. It它【考查点】非限制性定语从句。【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，主句结构完整，所以前半句为非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整个主句，空格处要填入一个引导词，而as引导非限制性定语从句可以放在句首也可以放在句尾，所以该题选择C项。【干扰项排除】A、D项不引导非限制性定语从句；B项引导非限制性定语从句不放在句首。【句意】众所周知，马克吐温是伟大的美国作家。4. 翻译题1. China is playing an increasingly important role in
8、helping the international community in the process of eradicating extreme poverty by 2030. Since the implementation of reform and opening up in the late 1970s, China has helped as many as 400 million people out of poverty. In the next five years, China will provide assistance to other developing cou
9、ntries in poverty reduction, education development, agricultural modernization, environmental, protection, health care and so on. China has made remarkable progress in poverty alleviation, and it has made unremitting efforts in promoting economic growth. This will encourage other poor countries to c
10、ope with their own development challenges. These countries can learn from Chinas experience in seeking the path of development with their own characteristics.【答案】1. 中国在帮助国际社会到2030年消除极度贫困的进程中发挥着越来越重要的作用。自上世纪70年代末实施改革开放以来，中国已帮助多达4亿人摆脱贫困。未来5年里，中国将在减贫、教育发展、农业现代化、环境保护、卫生保健等方面向其他发展中国家提供援助。中国在减贫方面取得了显著进展，在
11、促进经济增长方面做出了不懈努力。这将鼓励其他贫困国家应对自身的发展挑战。这些国家在寻求具有自身特色的发展道路时，可以借鉴中国的经验。5. 单选题The hindsight bias refers to a pervasive human tendency for people to be remarkably adept at referring a process _ the outcome is known but be unable to predict outcomes _ only the processes and precipitating events are known.问题
12、1选项A.although; ifB.once; whenC.when; in caseD.where; for【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. although; if尽管；如果 B. once; when曾经；当C. when; in case当；以防万一 D. where; for哪里；为了【考查点】连词辨析。【解题思路】根据句意“事后诸葛亮偏见指的是一种普遍存在的人类倾向，即_结果已知，人们就会非常熟练地引用某个过程，但_只有过程和突发事件已知时，他们却无法预测结果”可知，第一个空格处表示的是条件，知道了结果，才会熟练引用某个过程，所以第一个空格填入if或者once符合；第二个空格根
13、据句意可知，此处表示时间，填入when符合；故该题选择B项。【干扰项排除】A、C、D项由解题思路可知，这三项不符合句子逻辑。【句意】“事后诸葛亮偏见”指的是一种普遍存在的人类倾向，即一旦结果已知，人们就会非常熟练地引用某个过程，但当只有过程和突发事件已知时，他们却无法预测结果。6. 不定项选择题The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the worlds great writers. Before considering this question, it will be usef
14、ul to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for something which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware o
15、f one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function in the disservice of one another. Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict
